Computer Terms — Set 2

Correct Answer: A. American Standard Code for Information Interchange

• **American Standard Code for Information Interchange** = ASCII represents text in computers by assigning numerical values to characters. • **7-bit** — ASCII uses a 7-bit encoding scheme, allowing for 128 distinct characters. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: All Standard Code for Information Input: Incorrect, 'American' not 'All', 'Interchange' not 'Input'; Advanced Standard Code for Intelligent Interface: Incorrect, 'American' not 'Advanced', 'Information Interchange' not 'Intelligent Interface'; Asian Standard Code for Internet Integration: Incorrect, 'American' not 'Asian', 'Information Interchange' not 'Internet Integration'.

Correct Answer: B. Arithmetic Logic Unit

• **Arithmetic Logic Unit** = ALU is a digital circuit within the CPU that performs calculations and logical comparisons. • **1940s** — Early designs of ALUs date back to John von Neumann's work on computer architecture. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Automated Logical User: Incorrect, 'Arithmetic' not 'Automated', 'Logic Unit' not 'Logical User'; Array Logic Utility: Incorrect, 'Arithmetic' not 'Array', 'Unit' not 'Utility'; Advanced Logic Unit: Incorrect, 'Arithmetic' not 'Advanced'.

Correct Answer: D. Virtual Private Network

• **Virtual Private Network** = VPN creates a secure, encrypted tunnel for your internet traffic. • **1996** — A Microsoft employee created the first VPN protocol, enabling secure remote access. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Virtual Personal Network: Incorrect, 'Private' not 'Personal'; Verified Private Network: Incorrect, 'Virtual' not 'Verified'; Visual Private Node: Incorrect, 'Virtual' not 'Visual', 'Network' not 'Node'.

Correct Answer: A. Joint Photographic Experts Group

• **Joint Photographic Experts Group** = JPEG is a widely used method of lossy compression for digital images. • **1992** — The JPEG standard was officially issued, becoming widely adopted for photographs. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Joint Professional Experts Group: Incorrect, 'Photographic' not 'Professional'; Junior Photo Electronic Group: Incorrect, 'Joint Photographic Experts' not 'Junior Photo Electronic'; Joint Photo Encoding Group: Incorrect, 'Photographic Experts' not 'Photo Encoding'.

Correct Answer: C. Basic Input Output System

• **Basic Input Output System** = BIOS is the firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process. • **1981** — IBM introduced BIOS for its first personal computer. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Binary Input Output System: Incorrect, 'Basic' not 'Binary'; Basic Internal Operating System: Incorrect, 'Input' not 'Internal', 'Output' not 'Operating'; Binary Integrated Output Service: Incorrect, 'Basic' not 'Binary', 'Input' not 'Integrated', 'System' not 'Service'.

Correct Answer: C. Dots Per Inch

• **Dots Per Inch** = DPI is a measure of spatial printing or video dot density. • **Higher DPI** — indicates a higher resolution and greater detail in the printed image. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Digital Picture Interface: Not a standard abbreviation for printer resolution; Data Per Inch: While data is involved, 'Dots' is the specific unit for print resolution; Document Processing Index: This term is not related to printer resolution.

Correct Answer: B. Short Message Service

• **Short Message Service** = SMS is a text messaging service component for most telephone and mobile device systems. • **December 1992** — marked the sending of the first SMS message. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Standard Mobile Service: Not the correct full form; Shared Message System: Incorrect, SMS is for individual messages; Simple Message System: While SMS is simple, this is not the accurate full form.

Correct Answer: C. Digital Versatile Disc

• **Digital Versatile Disc** = DVD is an optical disc storage format that can store much more data than a standard Compact Disc (CD). • **Red laser technology** — is used by DVDs to read and write data. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Dynamic Video Disc: Incorrect, 'Digital Versatile' is the correct term; Digital Virtual Device: This is not related to DVD technology; Digital Video Disk: While DVDs store video, 'Versatile' is the more accurate and adopted term.

Correct Answer: C. Integrated Development Environment

• **Integrated Development Environment** = IDE is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to programmers for software development. • **Source code editor** — is a typical component of an IDE, along with build automation tools and a debugger. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Independent Design Environment: Not the standard term; Integrated Data Engine: This term is incorrect in this context; Internal Development Engine: Not the widely accepted abbreviation for software development tools.

Correct Answer: A. Portable Network Graphics

• **Portable Network Graphics** = PNG is a raster graphics file format that supports lossless data compression. • **Transparent backgrounds** — are well-supported by PNG, making it popular for web graphics. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Portable Node Graphics: Incorrect terminology; Personal Network Graphics: Not the correct full form; Printable Network Graphics: While PNGs are printable, this is not the official name.