Instruments & Artists — Set 8

Correct Answer: C. Esraj

The Esraj was Rabindranath Tagore's favorite instrument for providing melodic accompaniment to his songs (Rabindra Sangeet). It is a bowed instrument that combines elements of the Sitar and Sarangi. It is still taught and used extensively at Shantiniketan.

Correct Answer: C. Wood

The body of a Shehnai is traditionally made of wood, often Burma teak, with a metal bell at the end. It is a tubular instrument that flares out toward the bottom. The quality of the wood is crucial for producing its distinctive haunting sound.

Correct Answer: B. Nagaswaram

The Thavil is a high-pitched barrel drum from South India used to accompany the Nagaswaram. One side is played with a stick while the other is played with fingers wearing special hard thimbles. It is a staple in South Indian temple music and traditional weddings.

Correct Answer: C. Sitar

Vilayat Khan and Ravi Shankar were the two most influential Sitar maestros of the 20th century. While Ravi Shankar popularized the instrument globally, Vilayat Khan was celebrated for his 'vocal' style of playing. Their distinct styles define the modern approach to the Sitar.

Correct Answer: A. Shehnai

The Shehnai is a wind instrument because sound is produced by blowing air through its reed. It is considered an auspicious instrument in Indian culture. In the ancient classification system, wind instruments are called Sushira Vadya.

Correct Answer: A. Violin

T.N. Krishnan was one of the most respected violinists in the Carnatic classical tradition. He was known for his soulful and technically flawless renditions of traditional compositions. He received numerous awards, including the Padma Vibhushan.

Correct Answer: A. 100

While the ancient Shata-tantri Veena had 100 strings, the modern classical Santoor usually features 72 to 100 strings. It is a hammered dulcimer that produces a unique, cascading sound. It is one of the few Indian classical instruments that is struck rather than plucked or bowed.

Correct Answer: B. Mridangam

The Mridangam is considered the primary and most versatile drum in Carnatic music. Its name comes from the Sanskrit words for 'clay' and 'body', though modern ones are made of wood. It provides the rhythmic framework for all Carnatic classical concerts.

Correct Answer: C. Sarod

Amaan Ali Bangash and Ayaan Ali Bangash are prominent sixth-generation Sarod players. They were trained by their father, Ustad Amjad Ali Khan. They have successfully taken the Sarod to younger audiences and global platforms.

Correct Answer: B. Nails/Cuticles

Unlike the violin or sitar, the Sarangi is played by sliding the fingernails or cuticles against the strings. This difficult technique allows for the characteristic 'meend' or smooth slides between notes. It is a very demanding instrument that requires years of dedicated practice.