Digestive System — Set 3
Biology · पाचन तंत्र · Questions 21–30 of 50
Which dental formula represents the permanent teeth set in a typical human adult?
Correct Answer: C. 2123/2123
The formula 2123 represents two incisors, one canine, two premolars, and three molars in each quadrant. Multiplying this by four gives the total count of 32 permanent teeth. Children have a different formula as they lack premolars in their milk teeth set.
The structural and functional unit of the human liver is the?
Correct Answer: D. Hepatic Lobule
Hepatic lobules are hexagonal structures composed of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes. They filter blood and produce bile, which flows into small ducts. The liver is the largest internal organ and gland in the human body.
Which of the following describes 'Succus Entericus'?
Correct Answer: A. Intestinal juice
The correct answer is 'Intestinal juice'. Succus entericus is the collective term for secretions from the glands in the small intestine. It contains enzymes like maltase, sucrase, and dipeptidases to complete digestion. These enzymes work best in an alkaline environment.
Kupffer cells, which help in filtering bacteria and old red blood cells, are found in the?
Correct Answer: D. Liver
Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located within the liver's sinusoids. They play a vital role in the body's immune response by clearing pathogens from the blood. They also help in recycling iron from broken-down hemoglobin.
Which part of the tooth contains blood vessels and nerves?
Correct Answer: D. Pulp Cavity
The pulp cavity is the central part of the tooth filled with soft connective tissue. It provides nutrients and sensory information to the tooth. When decay reaches this area, it typically causes significant pain.
What is the primary function of the colon in the large intestine?
Correct Answer: B. Water absorption
The correct answer is 'Water absorption'. The colon's main job is to dehydrate the liquid waste remains and turn them into solid stool. It is divided into ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid sections. A healthy colon is essential for maintaining proper hydration.
Which enzyme converts milk protein 'casein' into 'paracasein' in infants?
Correct Answer: C. Rennin
Rennin, also called chymosin, curdles milk to slow down its passage through the stomach. This allows for more efficient digestion of milk proteins in young mammals. Its production decreases significantly as the human diet diversifies with age.
Brunner's glands, which secrete alkaline mucus, are specifically found in the?
Correct Answer: D. Duodenum
Brunner's glands are located in the submucosa of the duodenum. Their alkaline secretion protects the intestinal wall from the highly acidic chyme coming from the stomach. This mucus also provides an optimal pH for intestinal enzymes.
Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin absorbed along with dietary fats?
Correct Answer: C. Vitamin A
Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble and require bile salts for their absorption. They are stored in the liver and fatty tissues of the body for long periods. Water-soluble vitamins, like B and C, are not stored and must be consumed regularly.
The 'Islets of Langerhans' are found in which organ?
Correct Answer: B. Pancreas
These are groups of endocrine cells within the pancreas that secrete hormones directly into the blood. They produce insulin and glucagon, which are critical for glucose homeostasis. This represents the endocrine function of the otherwise exocrine pancreas.