Plant Morphology — Set 1
Biology · पादप आकारिकी · Questions 1–10 of 40
Which part of the plant is responsible for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil?
Correct Answer: A. Root
The root system anchors the plant and absorbs essential nutrients from the ground. Root hairs significantly increase the surface area available for this absorption process. Some roots also serve as storage organs for food reserves.
What is the primary function of the leaf in most green plants?
Correct Answer: B. Photosynthesis
The correct answer is 'Photosynthesis'. Leaves contain chlorophyll which captures sunlight to manufacture food for the plant. This process converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Leaves are often referred to as the food factories of the plant.
In which type of plant venation do the veins run parallel to each other?
Correct Answer: D. Parallel venation
Parallel venation is a characteristic feature found primarily in monocotyledonous plants. It is easily observed in the long, narrow leaves of grasses and lilies. In contrast, dicots usually display a net-like reticulate venation pattern.
What is the male reproductive part of a flower called?
Correct Answer: A. Stamen
The stamen consists of an anther and a filament that support pollen production. Pollen grains contain the male gametes necessary for the fertilization process. A group of stamens is collectively referred to as the androecium.
Which part of the plant develops into a fruit after fertilization?
Correct Answer: C. Ovary
The ovary ripens and enlarges to form the fruit which protects the developing seeds. Fruits also aid in the dispersal of seeds to new locations. The wall of the ripened ovary is technically known as the pericarp.
The points on a stem where leaves are attached are known as?
Correct Answer: B. Nodes
Nodes are the specific regions on a stem where leaves, branches, or aerial roots originate. The space between two consecutive nodes is called an internode. Active growth often occurs at these nodal points due to meristematic tissue.
Which of the following is a modified underground stem used for food storage?
Correct Answer: A. Potato
A potato is a tuber which is a type of thickened underground stem. It contains 'eyes' which are actually axillary buds capable of growing into new plants. Sweet potatoes and carrots, however, are examples of modified root systems.
What is the green, leaf-like outermost whorl of a flower called?
Correct Answer: C. Calyx
The calyx is composed of individual units called sepals that protect the flower bud. They are usually green and perform photosynthesis during the early stages of flower development. The calyx is the first whorl encountered from the outside of a flower.
Which plant part is modified into tendrils in pea plants to help in climbing?
Correct Answer: A. Leaves
The correct answer is 'Leaves'. In pea plants, the upper leaflets are modified into sensitive, thread-like structures called tendrils. These tendrils coil around supports to help the weak-stemmed plant climb upward. This is a classic example of leaf modification for specialized functions.
The female reproductive unit of a flower, comprising the stigma, style, and ovary, is the?
Correct Answer: D. Carpel
The carpel or pistil is the central part of the flower that receives pollen. The stigma provides a receptive surface while the style connects it to the ovary. One or more carpels together form the gynoecium of the flower.