Question 1

Which of the following describes the ability of carbon atoms to form long chains with other carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

Catenation. Catenation is the unique ability of carbon to form stable covalent bonds with itself. This property allows for the formation of a vast variety of organic molecules. Other elements like silicon show this property but to a much lesser extent.

Question 2

What is the general formula for the homologous series of Alkenes?

Accepted Answer

CnH2n. Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing at least one double bond between carbon atoms. The general formula CnH2n represents this group starting from Ethene. These compounds are also known as olefins because they form oily liquids upon reaction with halogens.

Question 3

Which organic compound is commonly known as 'Marsh Gas'?

Accepted Answer

Methane. Methane is called marsh gas because it is produced by the anaerobic decay of organic matter in swamps. It is the simplest alkane and the primary component of natural gas. This gas is also found in coal mines where it can cause explosions.

Question 4

The reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid to form a fruity-smelling compound is called?

Accepted Answer

Esterification. Esterification produces esters, which are compounds known for their pleasant fruit-like odors. This reaction typically occurs in the presence of an acid catalyst like sulfuric acid. Esters are widely used in the perfume and food flavoring industries.

Question 5

Which scientist disproved the 'Vital Force Theory' by synthesizing urea in a laboratory?

Accepted Answer

Friedrich Wöhler. Friedrich Wöhler synthesized urea from ammonium cyanate, an inorganic compound, in 1828. This experiment proved that organic compounds could be made outside living organisms. It is considered the starting point of modern organic chemistry.

Organic Basics — Set 1