Organic Basics — Set 4
Chemistry · कार्बनिक रसायन · Questions 31–40 of 50
Which of the following is the most abundant organic compound on Earth?
Correct Answer: A. Cellulose
Cellulose is the primary structural component of the cell walls of green plants. It makes up a significant portion of wood and cotton. Its abundance is due to the vast biomass of plants globally.
What is the common name of the carboxylic acid found in lemons?
Correct Answer: D. Citric acid
Citric acid is a weak organic acid that gives citrus fruits their characteristic sour taste. It is widely used as a natural preservative and flavoring agent in foods. It also plays a key role in the metabolic cycle of living cells.
Which functional group is present in the class of compounds known as ethers?
Correct Answer: C. -O-
Ethers are characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups. Diethyl ether was historically used as an anesthetic in surgery. They are generally less reactive than alcohols and carboxylic acids.
Which polymer is used for making parachutes and ropes due to its high tensile strength?
Correct Answer: D. Nylon
Nylon is a synthetic polyamide fiber known for its exceptional strength and elasticity. It was the first fully synthetic fiber ever produced. Apart from ropes, it is used in stockings, bristles, and automotive parts.
The main constituent of natural rubber is?
Correct Answer: D. Isoprene
Natural rubber is a polymer of isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene). It is obtained as latex from the rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis. The process of vulcanization is used to improve its physical properties like hardness.
Which of the following acids is present in tamarind?
Correct Answer: B. Tartaric acid
Tartaric acid provides the distinct sourness to tamarind and grapes. It is also used in baking powder as an acidulent. This acid occurs naturally in many plants and is a byproduct of winemaking.
What is the chemical name of the explosive RDX?
Correct Answer: B. Cyclonite
RDX is a powerful explosive and its chemical name is cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine. It is also known as cyclonite or T4 in different countries. It is more powerful than TNT and is used in military applications.
Which organic compound is used to denature ethanol to make it unfit for drinking?
Correct Answer: D. Methanol
Methanol is added to ethanol to create denatured alcohol for industrial use. This mixture is poisonous and prevents the illegal consumption of tax-free alcohol. Often, a blue dye is also added as a warning.
The sweet smell of fruits is primarily due to?
Correct Answer: B. Esters
Esters are volatile organic compounds formed from the reaction of acids and alcohols. They are responsible for the aromas of many fruits like bananas, pineapples, and oranges. Synthetic esters are used to produce artificial flavors.
Which compound is known as 'Aspirin'?
Correct Answer: C. Acetylsalicylic acid
Acetylsalicylic acid is the active ingredient in aspirin, used to treat pain and fever. It is a derivative of salicylic acid found in willow bark. It works by inhibiting the production of certain chemicals that cause inflammation.