NITI Aayog & Planning — Set 8
Economy Advanced · नीति आयोग और नियोजन · Questions 71–80 of 120
The 'NITI Aayog's Export Preparedness Index' ranks states based on:
Correct Answer: B. Export promotion and facilitation framework
NITI Aayog's Export Preparedness Index (EPI) ranks states and UTs based on their export promotion and facilitation framework. It covers four pillars: Policy, Business Ecosystem, Export Ecosystem, and Export Performance. The index helps identify states' strengths and areas for improvement in export competitiveness. Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu consistently rank among the top export states.
The 'Industrial Policy Resolution 1956' classified industries into which schedules?
Correct Answer: B. Schedule A, B, C
The Industrial Policy Resolution 1956 classified industries into Schedule A (exclusively owned by the state), Schedule B (where government would progressively take ownership), and Schedule C (left to private enterprise). Schedule A had 17 industries including railways, atomic energy, and coal. This formed the basis of India's mixed economy model. The 1991 reforms dramatically reduced the number of industries in Schedule A.
The 'Tenth Five Year Plan' was notable for introducing 'Monitorable Development Targets' (MDTs). How many MDTs were there?
Correct Answer: C. 11
The Tenth Five Year Plan introduced 11 Monitorable Development Targets (MDTs) covering specific measurable outcomes in poverty, literacy, infant mortality, gender equality, and environmental indicators. This was the first time specific quantitative targets beyond GDP growth were set in a Five Year Plan. For example, one MDT was to reduce the poverty ratio by 5 percentage points by 2007. This approach of using multiple indicators improved accountability.
The 'Bharat Mata Ki Jai' phrase in planning context refers to India's Vision 2047 aspiration. What is India's per capita income target?
Correct Answer: B. $12,000
India's Viksit Bharat 2047 vision targets a per capita income of approximately $12,000-$15,000 by 2047, which would make India an upper-middle-income or high-income country. Currently India's per capita income is around $2,500-3,000. For context, the World Bank threshold for high-income country is $13,845 per capita (GNI). Achieving this target would require sustained high growth for the next 25 years.
The 'Industrial Licensing Policy' in India was significantly liberalized in:
Correct Answer: B. 1991
The Industrial Licensing Policy in India was significantly liberalized in 1991 as part of the LPG (Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization) reforms. The new industrial policy of July 24, 1991 abolished licensing for most industries except a small negative list. This ended the 'License-Permit-Quota Raj' that had characterized Indian planning for four decades. The 1985 reforms under Rajiv Gandhi had made some earlier liberalization moves.
NITI Aayog's 'Team India Hub' was created to:
Correct Answer: B. Foster cooperative federalism with state governments
NITI Aayog's 'Team India Hub' was created to foster cooperative federalism between the Union government and state and UT governments. It serves as the principal interface between NITI Aayog and state governments. The Team India Hub organizes consultations, workshops, and reviews with state officials. It facilitates the sharing of best practices between states and ensures that the voices of states are incorporated in national policy.
The percentage allocation to agriculture in India's First Five Year Plan was approximately:
Correct Answer: C. 34.6%
The First Five Year Plan allocated approximately 34.6% of total plan outlay to agriculture, irrigation, and flood control — reflecting the priority given to agricultural development. This was the highest allocation to agriculture in any Five Year Plan. Subsequent plans shifted allocation toward heavy industry (Second Plan), infrastructure, and social sectors. The declining share of agriculture in plan allocations mirrored its declining share in GDP.
NITI Aayog publishes an annual index that tracks states' progress toward achieving which international framework?
Correct Answer: B. UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
NITI Aayog publishes the SDG India Index annually to track states' and UTs' progress toward achieving the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). India is the first country to develop such a comprehensive sub-national SDG tracking tool. The index was first released in 2018 and covers 115 indicators mapped to 16 of the 17 SDGs (SDG 17 is tracked separately). It serves as a tool for competitive and cooperative federalism.
The 'Eighth Five Year Plan' (1992-97) was the first to be implemented after:
Correct Answer: C. The 1991 Economic Reforms
The Eighth Five Year Plan (1992-97) was the first to be implemented after the landmark 1991 Economic Reforms (LPG reforms). The plan therefore reflected a significant shift toward market-oriented, indicative planning rather than directive planning. It was formulated under the guidance of Finance Minister Manmohan Singh who had orchestrated the 1991 reforms. The plan achieved 6.7% average annual growth against a target of 5.6%.
The NITI Aayog document that provides a 7-year medium-term strategy is:
Correct Answer: C. Strategy for New India @75
The NITI Aayog document 'Strategy for New India @75' provides a 7-year medium-term strategy framework. It was released in November 2018 outlining objectives and strategies for 41 areas including growth, job creation, education, technology, and governance. The document was timed to align with India's 75th anniversary of independence. It serves as a comprehensive blueprint complementing the Three-Year Action Agenda.