Scientific Instruments — Set 1
Physics · वैज्ञानिक उपकरण · Questions 1–10 of 70
Which instrument is primarily used to measure the depth of the ocean?
Correct Answer: A. Fathometer
A fathometer is a device used to determine the depth of water by utilizing sound waves. It works on the principle of echo sounding to measure vertical distances under the sea. One fathom is equivalent to a depth of six feet.
What is the primary function of a Hygrometer?
Correct Answer: A. Measuring humidity in the air
A hygrometer is an instrument used to measure the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. It provides readings for relative humidity which is crucial for weather forecasting. Modern versions often use electronic sensors for higher precision.
The 'Lactometer' is used to determine the purity of which substance?
Correct Answer: C. Milk
A lactometer measures the specific gravity of milk to check its purity and cream content. It indicates whether milk has been diluted with water by observing how deep it sinks. The instrument is based on Archimedes' principle of buoyancy.
Which instrument is used to measure the intensity of solar radiation?
Correct Answer: A. Pyrheliometer
A pyrheliometer is designed to measure direct beam solar irradiance reaching the Earth. It uses a tracking mechanism to remain pointed at the sun throughout the day. This data is vital for solar energy research and climatology.
A 'Sextant' is an instrument frequently used in which field?
Correct Answer: C. Navigation
The correct answer is 'Navigation'. A sextant measures the angle between two visible objects, usually a celestial body and the horizon. It is a fundamental tool for sailors to determine their latitude and longitude. The name comes from the instrument's arc which is one-sixth of a circle.
Which device is used to detect and record earthquake shocks?
Correct Answer: C. Seismograph
A seismograph detects and records the intensity and duration of seismic waves caused by earthquakes. It produces a visual record called a seismogram on paper or digital media. This helps scientists locate the epicenter of tectonic movements.
Which instrument measures the speed and direction of the wind?
Correct Answer: A. Anemometer
An anemometer is the standard tool used by weather stations to calculate wind velocity. The cup anemometer is the most common type, spinning faster as wind speed increases. Some advanced models also use ultrasound to measure three-dimensional wind flow.
Which device converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?
Correct Answer: D. Dynamo
A dynamo produces direct current electricity by using a rotating armature within a magnetic field. It operates on Michael Faraday's principle of electromagnetic induction. Before large alternators, dynamos were the primary source of industrial power.
The 'Sphygmomanometer' is used by doctors to measure what?
Correct Answer: A. Blood pressure
A sphygmomanometer consists of an inflatable cuff and a pressure gauge to measure arterial blood pressure. It is typically used in conjunction with a stethoscope to hear the pulse sounds. Results are recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Which instrument is used to see distant objects on the Earth's surface?
Correct Answer: A. Terrestrial Telescope
A terrestrial telescope provides an upright image of distant objects found on the ground. Unlike astronomical telescopes, it includes an extra lens to prevent the image from appearing upside down. It is widely used for bird watching and land surveillance.