Q: Which instrument is used to measure the atmospheric pressure?
Answer: Barometer
Explanation: A barometer is a fundamental tool in meteorology used to monitor atmospheric pressure. Rising pressure usually indicates fair weather, while falling pressure suggests rain or storms. Evangelista Torricelli is credited with inventing the first mercury barometer.
Q: Which instrument is used to measure high temperatures from a distance?
Answer: Pyrometer
Explanation: A pyrometer is used for measuring high temperatures of surfaces that are difficult to reach. It senses the thermal radiation emitted by the object to determine its heat level. This is commonly used in steel plants and for checking furnace temperatures.
Q: Which instrument is used to measure the speed of wind?
Answer: Anemometer
Explanation: An anemometer is used by weather stations to measure the velocity of wind. The data collected is vital for flight safety and weather forecasting. Most anemometers use rotating cups or propellers to detect wind flow.
Q: Which instrument is used to detect and record earthquake tremors?
Answer: Seismograph
Explanation: A seismograph is a sensitive instrument that records the motion of the ground during an earthquake. It captures seismic waves and produces a chart known as a seismogram. This tool is essential for understanding tectonic activity and providing early warnings.
Q: Which instrument is used to see objects above eye level, like from a trench?
Answer: Periscope
Explanation: A periscope allows a person to see over obstacles or around corners. It is famously used in submarines and trench warfare to observe without being seen. It operates using a series of mirrors or prisms that reflect light.
Q: Which instrument is used to measure very small electric currents?
Answer: Galvanometer
Explanation: A galvanometer is a very sensitive device used to detect the presence and direction of small currents. It can be used as a bridge in many electrical measurement circuits. It works based on the magnetic effect of electric current.
Q: Which instrument is used to measure blood pressure?
Answer: Sphygmomanometer
Explanation: A sphygmomanometer is used to measure arterial blood pressure. It consists of an inflatable cuff, a measuring unit (mercury column or digital), and a mechanism for inflation. The stethoscope is used alongside it to listen to blood flow sounds.
Q: A seismograph is used to measure?
Answer: Earthquake intensity
Explanation: A seismograph detects and records the intensity, duration, and direction of earthquakes. The Richter scale and Moment Magnitude Scale are used to express earthquake magnitude based on seismograph readings.
Q: Which instrument is used to measure the specific gravity of liquids?
Answer: Hydrometer
Explanation: A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity (relative density) of liquids compared to water. It works on the principle of Archimedes — the depth to which it sinks indicates the density of the liquid. A lactometer is a special type of hydrometer used specifically to check the purity of milk. A manometer measures fluid pressure, while a viscometer measures the viscosity of fluids. Hydrometers are widely used in breweries, battery maintenance, and testing antifreeze in radiators.
Q: A periscope works on the principle of?
Answer: Reflection
Explanation: A periscope uses two plane mirrors set at 45° angles to redirect light through reflection. It allows viewing objects that are not in the direct line of sight, used in submarines and trenches.