Revenue System & Tehsildar — Set 6

Correct Answer: A. A scheme to integrate all land-related services including registration, mutation, and maps

The National Land Records Modernisation Programme (NLRMP) was launched in 2008 by the Government of India to develop a modern, comprehensive, and transparent land records management system. It aimed to computerize land records, digitize maps, computerize registration, and integrate them together. NLRMP was later renamed and subsumed under the Digital India Land Records Modernisation Programme. The programme helped reduce land disputes and made land records more accessible to citizens.

Correct Answer: A. That a property is free from any mortgage or legal dues for a given period

An Encumbrance Certificate (EC) is a document obtained from the Sub-Registrar's office that certifies whether a property has any monetary or legal liabilities such as mortgages, loans, or court attachments registered against it for a specified period. Property buyers and banks require EC to ensure there are no hidden claims on the property. The EC is issued based on documents registered in the registration office. In most states, ECs are now available online through the e-registration portal.

Correct Answer: A. To prepare official topographical and cadastral maps of India

The Survey of India is the national survey and mapping organization that prepares official topographical maps, cadastral maps, and other spatial data for India. It was established in 1767 and is one of the oldest scientific departments in India. The maps prepared by Survey of India form the basis for land revenue administration, boundary demarcation, and urban planning. The organization also maintains the official geodetic control network of India.

Correct Answer: A. Government-owned urban land managed by local bodies for public use

Nazul Land refers to government-owned land in urban areas that is managed by local bodies or the state government. Originally these were lands owned by the state which were managed separately from regular government departments. Nazul lands are typically used for public purposes such as parks, schools, hospitals, and government offices or leased to private parties. Encroachment on Nazul land is a common problem in Indian cities and requires legal action for eviction.

Correct Answer: A. Land classified as enemy territory under old Islamic land laws, now obsolete

Historically, Islamic land law classified lands into Dar-ul-Islam (land under Islamic governance) and Dar-ul-Harb (land under non-Islamic governance considered hostile territory). This classification had implications for how land revenue was collected and how land rights were administered in Muslim-ruled territories. After independence, all such land classifications based on religious law were abolished in India. Modern land laws in India do not recognize this historical classification.

Correct Answer: A. Land granted rent-free or at concessional rates to individuals for services rendered

Inam land refers to land that was granted rent-free or at very nominal rates by Indian rulers or the British government to individuals in recognition of services rendered to the state, such as military service, religious service, or other contributions. These grants were hereditary in many cases. After independence, many states enacted Inam Abolition Acts to bring such lands under the normal revenue system. The Inam holders were either given occupancy rights or compensated for the loss of the grant.

Correct Answer: A. A document issued to a land holder showing their right to hold land

A Patta is a certificate issued by the revenue authority to a person acknowledging their right to hold a particular piece of land. In South Indian states like Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana, Patta is an important document that establishes land ownership and the right to cultivate. Pattas are issued based on land settlement records and are updated when ownership changes through sale or inheritance. Citizens can obtain their Patta online through state land record portals.

Correct Answer: A. A voluntary land gift movement by Vinoba Bhave that redistributed land to landless

The Bhoodan Movement was started by Vinoba Bhave in 1951 as a voluntary movement where landowners were persuaded to donate a portion of their land to landless laborers. Bhave walked across India collecting land donations from wealthy farmers. Over 4 million acres of land was donated during the movement. While not all donated land was properly redistributed due to administrative challenges, the movement created awareness about land inequality and supplemented official land reform efforts.

Correct Answer: A. A demarcation line around village habitation areas exempt from regular land laws

Lal Dora (literally 'red thread') was a demarcation drawn around village habitation areas in Delhi and some other regions during British rule to mark the boundary of abadi land (residential area) that was exempt from regular land records and building regulations. Properties within Lal Dora areas were not formally registered and did not have official land titles. The Delhi government has been working to regularize these areas and provide residents with official documents. Many disputes over Lal Dora land persist in urban fringe areas.

Correct Answer: A. Khewat is the ownership register that shows who owns each share of a village estate

Khewat is an important revenue register in Punjab and Haryana that records the ownership of all land in a village by listing each co-sharer's name and their fractional share in the estate. It is compiled based on the Jamabandi and is used to establish ownership rights. The Khewat number is different from the Khasra number in that Khewat relates to ownership while Khasra relates to specific plots. Khewat is essential for determining shares in partition and inheritance cases.