UP History — Set 11
UP GK · UP इतिहास · Questions 101–110 of 200
Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism, attained Nirvana (Moksha) at which place associated with UP's border region?
Correct Answer: B. Pawapuri
The correct answer is Pawapuri. Lord Mahavira attained Nirvana at Pawapuri in Bihar (near the UP-Bihar border). However, several Jain Tirthankaras have connections with UP: Rishabhadeva (Ayodhya), Parshvanatha (Varanasi), and Mahavira preached extensively in the Varanasi-Kaushambi region. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism, was born in which city of UP?
Correct Answer: B. Varanasi
Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara of Jainism, was born in Varanasi around the 8th century BCE. He was a prince of the Kashi kingdom. Varanasi thus holds importance for both Buddhism and Jainism. Parshvanatha preceded Mahavira by about 250 years.
According to Jain tradition, which Tirthankara was born in Ayodhya?
Correct Answer: C. Rishabhadeva (Adinatha)
Rishabhadeva (Adinatha), the first Tirthankara of Jainism, is traditionally believed to have been born in Ayodhya. He is said to have been the son of King Nabhi and Queen Marudevi. Ayodhya is therefore a sacred city for Jains as well as for Hindus.
The Mathura School of Art flourished during which period?
Correct Answer: D. Both Kushana and Gupta periods
The Mathura School of Art flourished during both the Kushana (1st-3rd century CE) and Gupta (4th-6th century CE) periods. It produced some of the earliest Buddha images in Indian art. The Mathura school used locally available red sandstone and combined Hellenistic and Indian elements.
During the Kushana period, Mathura was an important centre along which ancient trade route?
Correct Answer: C. Uttarapatha
The correct answer is Uttarapatha. Mathura was an important centre along the Uttarapatha (Northern Route), the ancient trade route connecting the Gangetic plains to the northwestern regions. During the Kushana period, Mathura served as the second capital (after Purushapura/Peshawar) and was a thriving commercial and cultural centre. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
The Kushana king Kanishka is known for patronizing which religion from his capital at Mathura?
Correct Answer: C. Buddhism
Kanishka (78-144 CE) is known for his patronage of Buddhism. He convened the Fourth Buddhist Council in Kashmir. Mathura served as his secondary capital and became a major centre of Buddhist art and sculpture. The Mathura Museum houses several important Kushana-period Buddhist sculptures.
The Sarnath Museum, which houses the Lion Capital, was established in which year?
Correct Answer: C. 1910
The Sarnath Museum (now called the Archaeological Museum, Sarnath) was established in 1910. It houses the famous Lion Capital of Ashoka, along with numerous Buddhist sculptures and artifacts from the Sarnath excavations. It is one of the oldest site museums of the Archaeological Survey of India.
The ancient Buddhist learning centre at Varanasi that Hiuen Tsang described was located at?
Correct Answer: A. Sarnath
Hiuen Tsang described Sarnath as a major centre of Buddhist learning with about 1,500 monks studying Hinayana Buddhism. Though not as large as Nalanda, Sarnath had significant monastic establishments. Hiuen Tsang visited Sarnath around 640 CE and described the grand Dhamek Stupa and monasteries.
The Battle of Ghaghra (1529) was fought between Babur and the Afghan chiefs near which river in UP?
Correct Answer: C. Ghaghra (Saryu)
The Battle of Ghaghra was fought in 1529 on the banks of the Ghaghra River near its confluence with the Ganga in eastern UP. Babur defeated the Afghan confederacy led by Mahmud Lodi and Sultan Nusrat Shah of Bengal. This was Babur's last major battle, consolidating Mughal control over eastern UP.
Ibrahim Lodi, the last Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate, belonged to which dynasty?
Correct Answer: C. Lodi
Ibrahim Lodi was the last Sultan of the Lodi dynasty and the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. He was an Afghan ruler who had his stronghold in the Agra-Delhi region. His defeat and death at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 ended the Sultanate and established the Mughal Empire.