SCO & BRICS — Set 5
World Organizations · SCO और BRICS · Questions 41–50 of 60
In which year was the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) formally established?
Correct Answer: A. 2001
• **2001** = The SCO was formally established on June 15, 2001, in Shanghai. • **June 15, 2001** — This is the precise date of the formal establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in Shanghai. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: 1996: The year the 'Shanghai Five' (SCO's predecessor) was formed, not the SCO itself; 2005: A later year, not the year of the SCO's formal establishment; 1999: An incorrect year, not significant for SCO's formal establishment.
India and Pakistan officially became full members of the SCO in which year?
Correct Answer: B. 2017
• **2017** = India and Pakistan joined the SCO as full members during the Astana Summit in June 2017. • **June 2017** — This is the specific month and year India and Pakistan officially became full SCO members at the Astana Summit. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: 2015: They held observer status before this year, but did not become full members yet; 2019: A later year, by which time they were already full members; 2021: A significantly later year, not when their full membership was granted.
In which year did South Africa join the BRIC group, making it BRICS?
Correct Answer: C. 2010
• **2010** = South Africa joined the BRIC group in late 2010 after being invited by China. • **Late 2010** — This is the period when South Africa officially joined the BRIC group, marking its transformation into BRICS. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: 2009: The year of the first BRIC summit, before South Africa was invited to join; 2012: South Africa had already been a member for two years by then; 2011: South Africa attended its first summit as a full member in 2011, but its official joining occurred in late 2010.
The first formal summit of the BRIC nations took place in which city?
Correct Answer: D. Yekaterinburg
• **Yekaterinburg** = Yekaterinburg, Russia, hosted the first BRIC summit on June 16, 2009. • **June 16, 2009** — This date marks the first formal summit of the BRIC nations, held in Yekaterinburg, Russia. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Beijing: Capital of China, has hosted BRICS summits but not the inaugural one; New Delhi: Capital of India, has hosted BRICS summits but not the inaugural one; Brasilia: Capital of Brazil, has hosted BRICS summits but not the inaugural one.
Where is the headquarters of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) located?
Correct Answer: A. Beijing
• **Beijing** = Beijing is the headquarters of the SCO Secretariat. • **SCO Secretariat** — This administrative body, located in Beijing, manages the organization's daily operations despite the name 'Shanghai Cooperation Organisation'. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Shanghai: The organization is named after Shanghai, but its permanent administrative headquarters are not there; Moscow: A key member state capital, but not the SCO headquarters; Tashkent: Capital of Uzbekistan, an SCO member, but not the headquarters.
Which Indian banker served as the first President of the New Development Bank?
Correct Answer: B. K.V. Kamath
• **K.V. Kamath** = He was the first President of the New Development Bank (NDB). • **2015 to 2020** — K.V. Kamath served as the NDB president during this period, playing a key role in its operational setup. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Urjit Patel: He is a former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India; Raghuram Rajan: He is a former Governor of the Reserve Bank of India; Shaktikanta Das: He is the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India.
The New Development Bank (NDB) is also commonly referred to by which other name?
Correct Answer: C. BRICS Bank
• **BRICS Bank** = The New Development Bank is commonly referred to by this name because it was established by the BRICS nations. • **BRICS nations** — These are the founding members of the New Development Bank, who sought to fund development projects in emerging markets. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: SCO Bank: This is not a recognized alternative name for NDB; World Bank II: This is not a recognized alternative name for NDB; Asia Bank: This is not a recognized alternative name for NDB.
How many countries were part of the 'Shanghai Five' group before it became the SCO?
Correct Answer: D. Five
• **Five countries** = The 'Shanghai Five' group consisted of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan before it became the SCO. • **1996** — The Shanghai Five was formed in this year to address border security issues among its members. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Three: This number is incorrect; Four: This number is incorrect; Six: This number became true after Uzbekistan joined in 2001, forming the SCO, but not for the 'Shanghai Five'.
The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) of the SCO is headquartered in which city?
Correct Answer: A. Tashkent
• **Tashkent** = This city is the headquarters of the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) of the SCO. • **Uzbekistan** — Tashkent is the capital city of Uzbekistan, and the RATS organ is dedicated to fighting terrorism and extremism in the region. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Bishkek: This is the capital of Kyrgyzstan, not the RATS headquarters; Astana: This is the capital of Kazakhstan, not the RATS headquarters; Dushanbe: This is the capital of Tajikistan, not the RATS headquarters.
Who coined the term 'BRIC' to represent the four major emerging economies?
Correct Answer: B. Jim O'Neill
• **Jim O'Neill** = He is the economist at Goldman Sachs who coined the term 'BRIC' to represent four major emerging economies. • **2001** — Jim O'Neill coined the term 'BRIC' in this year, identifying Brazil, Russia, India, and China as promising emerging markets. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Paul Krugman: He is a Nobel laureate economist known for his work on international trade; Amartya Sen: He is a Nobel laureate economist known for his work on welfare economics; Joseph Stiglitz: He is a Nobel laureate economist known for his critiques of globalization.