Environmental Acts — Set 1
Environment · पर्यावरण अधिनियम · Questions 1–10 of 60
In which year was the Wildlife Protection Act enacted in India to provide for the protection of wild animals, birds, and plants?
Correct Answer: A. 1972
The Wildlife Protection Act was passed in 1972 to effectively manage wildlife and habitats. It categorizes animals into various schedules based on the level of protection required. This act also helped in the creation of several National Parks and Sanctuaries across India.
Which major environmental act was passed by the Indian Parliament in the aftermath of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy?
Correct Answer: D. Environment Protection Act
The Environment Protection Act of 1986 was enacted to protect and improve the overall environment. It gives the Central Government the power to take measures to protect and improve environmental quality. This act serves as an umbrella legislation for all environmental matters in the country.
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was enacted in which year?
Correct Answer: A. 1974
The Water Act was established in 1974 to prevent and control water pollution in the country. It led to the creation of the Central and State Pollution Control Boards. The primary goal is to maintain or restore the wholesomeness of water in various sources.
In which year was the Forest Conservation Act enacted to restrict the use of forest land for non-forest purposes?
Correct Answer: A. 1980
The Forest Conservation Act of 1980 was aimed at checking the large-scale deforestation in India. Any diversion of forest land for industrial or infrastructure use now requires prior approval from the Central Government. It significantly enhanced the legal status of existing forest areas.
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, which aims to improve air quality, was passed in?
Correct Answer: D. 1981
The Air Act was passed in 1981 to specifically address the growing problem of air pollution from industries and vehicles. It defines 'air pollutant' as any solid, liquid, or gaseous substance present in the atmosphere. This act empowers the Pollution Control Boards to set standards and monitor emission levels.
The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 was passed to fulfill India's obligations under which international convention?
Correct Answer: A. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
The act aims to conserve biological resources and ensure the fair sharing of benefits from genetic resources. It established the National Biodiversity Authority at the central level. This legal framework helps protect indigenous traditional knowledge related to nature.
Which Indian act provides for the establishment of a specialized body for the effective and expeditious disposal of environmental cases?
Correct Answer: D. National Green Tribunal Act
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) Act was passed in 2010 to create a dedicated environmental court. It aims to reduce the burden of environmental litigation on higher courts. India became only the third country in the world to have such a specialized body.
The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 was enacted to provide relief to victims of accidents occurring while handling?
Correct Answer: A. Hazardous substances
This act ensures that immediate compensation is provided to persons affected by accidents in industrial units. It mandates owners of industries handling hazardous chemicals to take out insurance policies. The concept of 'no-fault liability' is a key feature of this legislation.
Noise pollution was officially included as an air pollutant through an amendment in which year?
Correct Answer: D. 1987
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was amended in 1987 to include noise under its definition of pollutants. This allowed the government to frame rules for noise levels in residential and industrial zones. Excessive noise is now legally recognized as a health hazard in India.
Which Schedule of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 gives the highest level of legal protection to species like the Tiger and Peacock?
Correct Answer: A. Schedule I
Schedule I contains endangered species that require rigorous protection and involve harsh penalties for violations. Hunting of animals listed in this schedule is strictly prohibited across India. The list is updated periodically based on the recommendations of wildlife experts.