Sustainable Goals — Set 3
Environment · सतत विकास लक्ष्य · Questions 21–30 of 60
The 'Millennium Development Goals' (MDGs) were the predecessors to the SDGs. How many MDGs were there?
Correct Answer: D. 8
There were 8 Millennium Development Goals established following the Millennium Summit in 2000. They primarily focused on poverty, hunger, and basic health in developing countries. The SDGs expanded on these by including environmental and economic sustainability for all nations.
In India, which organization is responsible for monitoring the progress of Sustainable Development Goals?
Correct Answer: A. NITI Aayog
NITI Aayog acts as the nodal agency for the implementation and monitoring of SDGs in India. It publishes the 'SDG India Index' to rank states based on their performance. This index fosters competitive federalism by encouraging states to improve their social indicators.
Which SDG specifically mentions the target to reduce marine plastic pollution?
Correct Answer: C. SDG 14
SDG 14 (Life Below Water) explicitly targets the prevention of all kinds of marine pollution. This includes significant reductions in marine debris, particularly from land-based activities. Plastic waste is currently one of the greatest threats to marine biodiversity.
SDG 10 targets the reduction of inequality. One of its indicators is the 'Gini Coefficient'. What does it measure?
Correct Answer: D. Income inequality
The Gini coefficient is a statistical measure of distribution often used to gauge economic inequality. A value of 0 represents perfect equality, while 1 represents perfect inequality. Reducing this coefficient is a key sign of progress toward SDG 10.
Which Sustainable Development Goal aims to 'Double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency'?
Correct Answer: A. SDG 7
This target is a specific part of SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy). Improving energy efficiency helps reduce the overall demand for power and lowers costs. It is as important as increasing the share of renewable energy in the global mix.
What is the total number of targets identified under the 17 Sustainable Development Goals?
Correct Answer: C. 169
While there are 17 broad goals, they are supported by 169 specific targets. These targets provide a detailed roadmap with measurable indicators for tracking progress. Each country reports its progress against these targets to the UN.
The concept of 'Sustainable Development' was popularized by which report in 1987?
Correct Answer: A. Brundtland Report
The Brundtland Report, also titled 'Our Common Future', defined sustainable development. It is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the future. This report laid the groundwork for all subsequent global environmental goals.
Which SDG includes the goal to 'provide legal identity for all, including birth registration'?
Correct Answer: C. SDG 16
This target is part of SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). Having a legal identity is essential for accessing basic rights like education, healthcare, and voting. Many people globally still lack official documents, hindering their social inclusion.
Sustainable Development Goal 3 targets the eradication of which of these diseases by 2030?
Correct Answer: D. Malaria and Tuberculosis
SDG 3 aims to end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and other neglected tropical diseases. These communicable diseases significantly impact the health of populations in developing nations. Strengthening healthcare systems is required to meet these ambitious health targets.
Which goal specifically promotes sustainable public procurement practices?
Correct Answer: A. SDG 12
SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) includes a target for sustainable procurement. This means governments should use their buying power to support environmentally friendly goods and services. It helps in shifting the market toward more sustainable production methods.