Nobel Laureates — Set 5

Correct Answer: A. Rabindranath Tagore

• **Rabindranath Tagore** = He was the first Asian to win a Nobel Prize, receiving the Literature award for his poems. • **1913** — He received the Nobel Prize in Literature for his profound collection of poems, 'Gitanjali'. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: C.V. Raman: won Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930; Mother Teresa: won Nobel Peace Prize in 1979; S. Chandrasekhar: won Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983.

Correct Answer: C. C.V. Raman

• **C.V. Raman** = He was the first Indian to win a Nobel Prize in science for his discovery of the 'Raman Effect'. • **1930** — He won the Nobel Prize in Physics, and his work inspired many, including the 'Missile Man' of India, A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Homi Bhabha: known as the 'Father of the Indian Nuclear Programme'; Vikram Sarabhai: known as the 'Father of the Indian Space Programme'; S.N. Bose: known for his work on quantum mechanics and Bose-Einstein statistics.

Correct Answer: C. Mother Teresa

• **Mother Teresa** = She received the Nobel Peace Prize for her humanitarian work with the 'poorest of the poor'. • **1979** — She was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her selfless service, especially for founding the Missionaries of Charity in Kolkata. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Dalai Lama: Nobel Peace Prize laureate for advocating non-violent solutions; Kailash Satyarthi: Nobel Peace Prize laureate for child rights activism; Nelson Mandela: Nobel Peace Prize laureate for his work to end apartheid.

Correct Answer: D. Ronald Ross

• **Ronald Ross** = He discovered that mosquitoes transmit malaria parasites while working in India. • **1902** — He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his groundbreaking work on malaria, enabling disease control. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Robert Koch: discovered the causes of tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax; Louis Pasteur: known for pasteurization and developing vaccines for rabies and anthrax; Alexander Fleming: discovered penicillin.

Correct Answer: D. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

• **Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar** = He is known for his theoretical studies of physical processes and the structure of stars. • **1983** — He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work, which included establishing the 'Chandrasekhar Limit' related to stellar collapse. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Meghnad Saha: known for the Saha equation in astrophysics; Homi Bhabha: known as the 'Father of the Indian Nuclear Programme'; Jayant Narlikar: renowned cosmologist, known for the Hoyle–Narlikar theory.

Correct Answer: B. Muhammad Yunus

• **Muhammad Yunus** = He won the Nobel Peace Prize for pioneering microcredit and founding the Grameen Bank. • **2006** — He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in this year for his efforts in economic and social development from below. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Amartya Sen: He is an economist known for welfare economics; Abhijit Banerjee: He won the Nobel Prize in Economics for poverty alleviation; Raghuram Rajan: He is an Indian economist and former RBI Governor, not a Nobel laureate.

Correct Answer: B. Kailash Satyarthi

• **Kailash Satyarthi** = He shared the Nobel Peace Prize for his work against child oppression and child labor. • **2014** — He shared the Nobel Peace Prize in this year with Malala Yousafzai for their fight for child rights. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Malala Yousafzai: She shared the prize with Satyarthi, but the question asks 'who' and Satyarthi is the direct answer; Barack Obama: He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009 for strengthening international diplomacy; Dalai Lama: He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989 for his non-violent struggle for the liberation of Tibet.

Correct Answer: B. Har Gobind Khorana

• **Har Gobind Khorana** = He won the Nobel Prize in Medicine for showing how the genetic code controls protein synthesis. • **1968** — He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in this year for his interpretation of the genetic code. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: C.V. Raman: He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on light scattering; Venkatraman Ramakrishnan: He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for ribosome structure; S. Chandrasekhar: He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his theoretical studies on the physical processes of stars.

Correct Answer: A. Amartya Sen

• **Amartya Sen** = He won the Nobel Prize in Economics for his contributions to welfare economics. • **1998** — He was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in this year for his contributions to welfare economics. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Manmohan Singh: He is a former Prime Minister of India and a renowned economist but not a Nobel laureate; Abhijit Banerjee: He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2019, not 1998; Jagdish Bhagwati: He is a distinguished economist but has not won a Nobel Prize.

Correct Answer: B. Venkatraman Ramakrishnan

• **Venkatraman Ramakrishnan** = He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for mapping the atomic structure of ribosomes. • **2009** — He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in this year for his studies of the structure and function of the ribosome. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: S.N. Bose: He is known for Bose-Einstein statistics, not a Nobel laureate; C.N.R. Rao: He is a distinguished Indian chemist but not a Nobel laureate; Hargobind Khorana: He won the Nobel Prize for interpreting the genetic code, not ribosomes.