Nobel Laureates — Set 6

Correct Answer: B. Dynamite

• **Dynamite** = This explosive substance was invented by Alfred Nobel. • **1867** — Alfred Nobel invented dynamite in this year, which brought him a massive fortune. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Gunpowder: This ancient explosive predates Alfred Nobel; Aspirin: This pain reliever was synthesized by Felix Hoffmann in 1897; Penicillin: This antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928.

Correct Answer: B. Economics

• **Economics** = This category was not part of Alfred Nobel's original will for the Nobel Prizes. • **1968** — The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences was established in this year, in memory of Alfred Nobel. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Peace: This was one of the five categories specified in Alfred Nobel's original will; Literature: This was one of the five categories specified in Alfred Nobel's original will; Chemistry: This was one of the five categories specified in Alfred Nobel's original will.

Correct Answer: A. 1901

• **1901** = This was the year when the first set of Nobel Prizes was awarded. • **Five years** — The first prizes were handed out this many years after Alfred Nobel's death. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: 1895: This was the year Alfred Nobel signed his will, not when the prizes were awarded; 1911: This is not the year the first prizes were awarded; 1921: This is not the year the first prizes were awarded.

Correct Answer: B. Marie Curie

• **Marie Curie** = She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. • **1903** — She won her first Nobel Prize in Physics in this year, shared with her husband Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Mother Teresa: She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979; Jane Addams: She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931; Irène Joliot-Curie: She won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935, but Marie Curie was earlier.

Correct Answer: B. Peace

• **Peace** = This Nobel Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway. • **Oslo, Norway** — This city hosts the award ceremony for the Nobel Peace Prize, as specified in Alfred Nobel's will. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Literature: This prize is awarded in Stockholm, Sweden; Physics: This prize is awarded in Stockholm, Sweden; Medicine: This prize is awarded in Stockholm, Sweden.

Correct Answer: B. Albert Einstein

• **Albert Einstein** = He won the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the photoelectric effect. • **1921** — He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in this year for his services to theoretical physics and the photoelectric effect. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Max Planck: He developed quantum theory and won the Nobel Prize in 1918; Niels Bohr: He made significant contributions to quantum mechanics and atomic structure; Isaac Newton: He was a classical physicist whose work predates the Nobel Prize era.

Correct Answer: A. Red Cross (ICRC)

• **Red Cross (ICRC)** = This organization has won the Nobel Peace Prize three times. • **Three times** — The International Committee of the Red Cross received the Nobel Peace Prize this many times. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: UNICEF: It won the Nobel Peace Prize once in 1965; Amnesty International: It won the Nobel Peace Prize once in 1977; WHO: It has not won the Nobel Peace Prize.

Correct Answer: B. Malala Yousafzai

• **Malala Yousafzai** = She is the youngest-ever Nobel laureate. • **17** — She won the Nobel Peace Prize at this age, making her the youngest laureate. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Lawrence Bragg: He was the youngest laureate in Physics (at 25), but Malala is the overall youngest; Nadia Murad: She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2018, not the youngest; Werner Heisenberg: He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932 for the creation of quantum mechanics.

Correct Answer: B. John Bardeen

• **John Bardeen** = He is the only scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice. • **Twice** — He is the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics this many times. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: Marie Curie: She won Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry, not Physics twice; Linus Pauling: He won Nobel Prizes in Chemistry and Peace, not Physics twice; Frederick Sanger: He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice.

Correct Answer: B. Rabindranath Tagore

• **Rabindranath Tagore** = He was the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature for his poem collection 'Gitanjali'. • **1913** — He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in this year, making him the first non-European to win. • 💡 Wrong-option analysis: W.B. Yeats: He wrote the introduction to 'Gitanjali' but was not its author; Sarojini Naidu: She was a renowned Indian poet but did not win the Nobel Prize; Bankim Chandra: He was an influential Bengali writer but not a Nobel laureate.