Economy & Agriculture — Set 5

Correct Answer: B. World's highest milk-producing buffalo breed, primarily bred in Hisar, Rohtak, and Jind

The Murrah buffalo is considered the world's best dairy buffalo breed, known for its exceptionally high milk production and fat content. It is primarily bred in Hisar, Rohtak, Jind, and Bhiwani districts of Haryana. Murrah buffaloes can produce 10-20 litres of milk per day with 7-8% fat content. Countries like Italy (for mozzarella cheese), Brazil, and China import Murrah buffaloes and genetic material. The CCSHAU and NRC on Equines at Hisar support Murrah buffalo research.

Correct Answer: A. Karnal and Panipat

Karnal and Panipat districts in northern Haryana have emerged as major poultry farming hubs. Haryana is one of India's top poultry-producing states for both eggs and broiler chickens. The state government has promoted poultry farming under various animal husbandry schemes. Haryana's poultry products supply a significant share of Delhi-NCR's consumption, given the region's proximity and road connectivity.

Correct Answer: B. About 5-6%

The correct answer is 'About 5-6%'. Haryana contributes approximately 5-6% of India's total milk production despite being one of the smaller states geographically. Haryana ranks among the top 5-6 states in milk production nationally. The state is especially known for buffalo milk production through its Murrah buffalo population. Per capita milk availability in Haryana is significantly higher than the national average.

Correct Answer: B. Bhiwani

Bhiwani district is traditionally known for its 'Rath' hand-loom weaving industry, producing woolen blankets, khes (cotton blankets), and other woven items. Bhiwani is also famously called 'Mini Cuba' for producing boxing champions. The district has a significant textile tradition alongside its reputation for sports excellence. Panipat (City of Weavers) handles recycled textile products while Bhiwani specializes in traditional handloom weaving.

Correct Answer: C. Haryana Enterprise Promotion Zones along Delhi-Amritsar-Katra Expressway

Haryana has announced Enterprise Promotion Zones (EPZs) along the Delhi-Amritsar-Katra Expressway to attract industrial investments in Ambala, Kurukshetra, and Karnal districts. This expressway passes through Haryana's most productive agricultural and industrial belt. The EPZs aim to develop logistics parks, food processing units, and light manufacturing along the expressway. This corridor is expected to be a major economic driver for northern Haryana.

Correct Answer: B. Acquiring land for industrial development by pooling landowner shares in developed infrastructure

The Haryana Land Pooling Policy allows for acquiring land for infrastructure and industrial development by giving landowners a share in the developed land or infrastructure rather than a one-time cash payment. This approach reduces farmer resistance to land acquisition and gives them long-term benefits from development. It has been used for developing townships and industrial areas in Gurugram and Faridabad. The policy is considered more equitable than traditional land acquisition methods.

Correct Answer: B. PM KUSUM (Solar Pump scheme)

PM KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Uttham Mahabhiyan) provides financial assistance to farmers for installing solar pumps for irrigation, reducing dependence on grid electricity and diesel. Haryana has actively implemented PM KUSUM to address the problem of high electricity subsidy for agricultural pumping. Solar pumps also help reduce groundwater exploitation by enabling efficient irrigation. Haryana's state government adds additional subsidy to make solar pumps affordable for small and marginal farmers.

Correct Answer: B. Fasal Diversification Program (replacing paddy with maize, cotton, arhar)

Haryana launched a Fasal Diversification Program (Crop Diversification Programme) to shift farmers away from water-intensive paddy cultivation toward crops like maize, arhar (pigeon pea), cotton, and oilseeds. The objective is to conserve groundwater, which has been severely depleted in many Haryana districts due to paddy irrigation. The state offers incentives like Rs 7,000-10,000 per acre to farmers who shift from paddy to alternate crops. This is part of Haryana's broader water conservation strategy.

Correct Answer: B. A farmer registration portal for crop details to receive government benefits

Meri Fasal Mera Byora (My Crop My Details) is Haryana's farmer registration portal where farmers register their crop details (area, crop type, land details) to receive MSP procurement benefits, crop insurance, and other government schemes. The portal ensures that only genuine farmers receive government benefits. It was launched in 2019 and has been widely adopted across Haryana. The system helps the government plan procurement logistics and target subsidies effectively.

Correct Answer: A. Yamunanagar

Yamunanagar is the major hub for the paper, plywood, and timber processing industry in Haryana. The city has over 400 plywood and timber units making it one of India's largest plywood manufacturing centers. Yamunanagar's plywood industry benefits from timber supply from the Himachal Pradesh hill forests (though imports are now primary). The city is also known for sugar mills due to its sugarcane belt location. Yamunanagar's industrial growth has made it Haryana's important but often overlooked industrial city.