Modern Scientists — Set 1
Inventions · आधुनिक वैज्ञानिक · Questions 1–10 of 60
Who is known as the 'Missile Man of India' for his work on ballistic missile technology?
Correct Answer: C. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam played a leading role in the development of India's missile programs, Agni and Prithvi. He also served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. His scientific leadership transitioned India into a global missile power.
Which scientist is recognized as the 'Father of the Indian Nuclear Program'?
Correct Answer: C. Homi J. Bhabha
Homi J. Bhabha was the founding director of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and the Atomic Energy Establishment, Trombay. He formulated the three-stage nuclear power programme to utilize India's thorium reserves. He also served as the first chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission.
Who founded the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and is hailed as the 'Father of Indian Space Program'?
Correct Answer: A. Vikram Sarabhai
Vikram Sarabhai initiated space research in India and helped establish the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station. He convinced the government of the importance of a space program for a developing nation. Sarabhai was also a key figure in the establishment of the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad.
C.V. Raman won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his discovery of which phenomenon?
Correct Answer: A. The Raman Effect
The Raman Effect describes the change in the wavelength of light that occurs when a light beam is deflected by molecules. This discovery provided a new tool for studying the structure of molecules. February 28 is celebrated as National Science Day in India to mark this discovery.
Which Indian scientist is known for the development of the 'Saha Ionization Equation' in astrophysics?
Correct Answer: D. Meghnad Saha
Meghnad Saha's equation describes the chemical and physical conditions in stars based on their spectra. This work allowed astronomers to determine the temperatures and chemical compositions of stellar atmospheres. He was also instrumental in the planning of the Damodar Valley Project.
Satyendra Nath Bose is famous for his collaboration with Albert Einstein on which concept?
Correct Answer: D. Bose-Einstein Statistics
S.N. Bose developed a new method for counting photons, which later became known as Bose-Einstein statistics. This theory describes the behavior of a class of subatomic particles called bosons, named in his honor. His work laid the foundation for the study of quantum gases.
Who was the first Indian scientist to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (as a US citizen of Indian origin)?
Correct Answer: C. Hargobind Khorana
Hargobind Khorana shared the Nobel Prize in 1968 for his research on the interpretation of the genetic code. He was the first to synthesize an artificial gene in a laboratory setting. His work significantly advanced the fields of biotechnology and genetic engineering.
Which scientist is celebrated as the 'Father of the Green Revolution in India'?
Correct Answer: A. M.S. Swaminathan
M.S. Swaminathan introduced high-yielding varieties of wheat and rice to Indian farmers in the 1960s. His efforts helped India achieve self-sufficiency in food grain production. He was awarded the first World Food Prize in 1987.
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983 for his work on what?
Correct Answer: D. The evolution of stars
He discovered the 'Chandrasekhar Limit,' which defines the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star. This discovery was crucial for understanding the final stages of stellar evolution and the formation of black holes. He was the nephew of the famous Nobel laureate C.V. Raman.
Who is known as the 'Father of the White Revolution' in India?
Correct Answer: D. Verghese Kurien
Verghese Kurien led 'Operation Flood,' the world's largest agricultural dairy development programme. He turned India from a milk-deficient nation into the world's largest milk producer. He also established the famous dairy brand 'Amul'.