Modern Scientists — Set 5

Correct Answer: A. S. Ramanujan

1729 is the smallest number expressible as the sum of two cubes in two different ways. Ramanujan mentioned this to Hardy during a hospital visit, showcasing his intuitive grasp of numbers. His notebooks continue to inspire mathematicians worldwide with unsolved conjectures.

Correct Answer: C. S.N. Bose

Satyendra Nath Bose sent his work to Einstein after it was rejected by a British journal. Einstein recognized its importance and translated it into German for publication. This work led to the concept of the Bose-Einstein Condensate, a new state of matter.

Correct Answer: B. Dadasaheb Phalke

Dadasaheb Phalke produced India's first full-length silent feature film, 'Raja Harishchandra,' in 1913. He traveled to London to learn the technical aspects of filmmaking and brought the first camera to India. The highest award in Indian cinema is named in his honor.

Correct Answer: B. Yellapragada Subbarow

Yellapragada Subbarow was a biochemist who made significant discoveries in the synthesis of ATP and the development of several chemotherapy drugs. Although often overlooked for the Nobel Prize, he is one of the most significant medical researchers of the 20th century. He spent most of his professional life in the United States.

Correct Answer: D. Shambhu Nath De

Shambhu Nath De was a medical researcher who successfully demonstrated the existence of the enterotoxin produced by the cholera bacteria. His work shifted the focus of cholera treatment toward rehydration and electrolyte balance. This discovery has saved millions of lives from the deadly disease.

Correct Answer: A. Upendranath Brahmachari

Dr. Upendranath Brahmachari synthesized urea stibamine in 1922, which significantly reduced the mortality rate of Kala-azar. This was a major achievement in tropical medicine in the early 20th century. He was nominated twice for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Correct Answer: A. Subbiah Arunan

Subbiah Arunan was the project director for India's first interplanetary mission. Mangalyaan made India the first nation to reach Martian orbit in its maiden attempt. Arunan and his team completed the project in record time and at a fraction of the cost of NASA's missions.

Correct Answer: C. Kalpana Chawla

Kalpana Chawla first flew on the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 as a mission specialist and primary robotic arm operator. Tragically, she was one of the seven crew members who died in the Columbia disaster in 2003. She is considered a global hero and a symbol of perseverance.

Correct Answer: A. Lalji Singh

Lalji Singh was a molecular biologist who developed indigenous Bkm (Banded Krait minor) DNA probes for forensic investigations. He founded the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD) in Hyderabad. His work revolutionized forensic science and wildlife conservation in India.

Correct Answer: A. Narinder Singh Kapany

Narinder Singh Kapany coined the term 'Fiber Optics' and proved that light could be guided through thin glass strands. His work provided the backbone for the modern internet and medical endoscopes. He was an entrepreneur who founded چندین companies based on his inventions.