Tribes & Culture — Set 10
Jharkhand GK · जनजातियां और संस्कृति · Questions 91–100 of 160
Which important act was passed specifically to prevent alienation of tribal land in Jharkhand's Chotanagpur region?
Correct Answer: B. Chotanagpur Tenancy Act 1908
The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act 1908 (CNT Act) was specifically enacted to prevent the alienation of tribal land in the Chotanagpur region to non-tribal outsiders. It restricts the transfer, sale, or mortgage of tribal land and protects tribal tenure rights. Any violation of CNT Act provisions is a criminal offence, making it one of the strongest tribal land protection laws in India.
Which festival of Jharkhand involves making colourful effigies called 'Tusu' and immersing them in rivers?
Correct Answer: C. Tusu festival
Tusu festival involves the creation of beautifully decorated clay or paper effigies called 'Tusu' which are immersed in rivers on the day of Makar Sankranti. The festival is celebrated with singing of Tusu songs (Tusu gaan) and community gatherings. It is particularly popular in the border districts of Jharkhand and West Bengal.
The Munda tribe's supreme deity 'Sing Bonga' literally translates to what?
Correct Answer: B. Sun God
Sing Bonga is the supreme deity of the Munda tribe, with 'Sing' meaning 'sun' and 'Bonga' meaning 'spirit/deity' — thus 'Sun God' or 'Sun Spirit'. The Munda are sun worshippers who believe Sing Bonga created the world and sustains life. This solar religious tradition distinguishes Munda cosmology and connects it to broader Adivasi sun-worship traditions.
The Turi tribe of Jharkhand is known for which traditional craft?
Correct Answer: B. Bamboo and cane basket weaving
The Turi tribe of Jharkhand is traditionally known for bamboo and cane basket weaving. They are classified as a Scheduled Tribe and practise this craft across various districts of Jharkhand. Turi baskets and mats are used throughout rural Jharkhand and have become known as part of Jharkhand's tribal craft heritage.
Which famous personality from the Santhal tribe is known for creating the Ol Chiki script?
Correct Answer: B. Raghunath Murmu
Pandit Raghunath Murmu (1905-1982) created the Ol Chiki script for the Santali language in 1925. He dedicated his life to the promotion of Santali language and literature. He is known as 'Guru Gomke' among the Santhal community and is revered as one of the greatest intellectual figures of Jharkhand's tribal history.
The 'Mandar' is which type of instrument central to Oraon tribal music?
Correct Answer: C. Two-headed barrel drum
The Mandar is a two-headed barrel drum that is the central percussion instrument in Oraon (and also Ho) tribal music. It produces a deep resonant sound and is played during festivals like Sarhul, Karma, and Jhumar dances. The Mandar is considered sacred by Oraon communities and its playing is restricted to specific ritual occasions.
What is the 'Akhra' in Jharkhand tribal cultural tradition?
Correct Answer: B. Village dancing ground where community gathers for cultural activities
The Akhra is the village dancing ground or community open space where tribal people gather for collective cultural activities, dances, celebrations, and community meetings. It is central to tribal social life in Jharkhand and serves as the venue for most festivals and community events. In many tribal villages, the Akhra is considered a sacred communal space.
Ram Dayal Munda, a scholar associated with Jharkhand tribal culture, received which national award?
Correct Answer: B. Padma Bhushan
Ram Dayal Munda (1939-2011) received the Padma Bhushan in 2010 for his contributions to tribal scholarship, art, and culture. He was a professor at Ranchi University and later Vice Chancellor who championed the Mundari language and tribal rights. He was also a member of the Rajya Sabha and an international figure in tribal music research.
Which Jharkhand tribal dance form imitates the flight of peacocks and other birds?
Correct Answer: A. Chhau
Chhau dance of Jharkhand incorporates movements that imitate animals and birds, including the peacock, through elaborate mask-wearing and acrobatic performances. The Seraikella Chhau style in particular is famous for its bird and animal mimicry using specially crafted masks. This naturalistic aspect of Chhau connects the dance to Jharkhand's forest ecology and tribal reverence for nature.
The Munda tribe's system of 'Bhuinhar' refers to what?
Correct Answer: B. Original landholding rights of ancestral settler families
Bhuinhar refers to the original landholding rights of Munda families who were the first settlers (Khuntkattidars) of a village and cleared the land. These families hold inalienable rights over their ancestral land under Munda customary law. The Bhuinhar system was the basis of the land rights movement that culminated in Birsa Munda's Ulgulan.