Tribes & Culture — Set 12
Jharkhand GK · जनजातियां और संस्कृति · Questions 111–120 of 160
The Saora (Savara) tribe found in the southern parts of Jharkhand is mainly concentrated in which state?
Correct Answer: B. Primarily in Odisha, with some presence in Jharkhand
The Saora (Savara) tribe is primarily concentrated in Odisha but has some presence in southern Jharkhand, particularly in districts bordering Odisha. The Saora have a distinctive cultural identity including their own language and the famous Idital wall paintings similar to Warli art. Their cross-border presence reflects the historical fluidity of tribal territories before modern state boundaries.
Which organisation TRIFED is associated with promoting tribal arts and crafts from Jharkhand?
Correct Answer: A. TRIFED (Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India)
TRIFED (Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India) operates under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and markets tribal arts, crafts, and forest produce from Jharkhand and other states. It runs the Tribes India outlet chain which sells authentic tribal products. TRIFED also implements the Van Dhan Vikash Kendra scheme to boost tribal incomes from forest produce.
What is the 'Mundari Bani' (Mundari speaking community's sayings/songs) tradition?
Correct Answer: B. Oral literature including proverbs, songs, and folk tales of Munda community
Mundari Bani refers to the rich oral literary tradition of the Munda community including folk tales (katha), proverbs (jaher), songs (serenji), and ceremonial chants. This oral literature preserves the historical memory, mythology, and philosophical worldview of the Munda people. The preservation of Mundari oral literature is now being supported through documentation and digital archives.
The term 'Marang Gomke' was a title given to which tribal leader from Jharkhand?
Correct Answer: C. Jaipal Singh Munda
Jaipal Singh Munda (1903-1970) was given the title 'Marang Gomke' meaning 'Great Leader' by the Munda community. He was a remarkable personality — Oxford-educated, captain of India's 1928 Olympic gold medal-winning hockey team, and founder of the Jharkhand Party which pioneered the demand for a separate Jharkhand state. He later served in India's Constituent Assembly.
The traditional 'Sori' court system of the Ho tribe functions as what?
Correct Answer: B. Traditional dispute resolution and governance council
The Sori is the traditional judicial and governance council of the Ho tribe, responsible for resolving disputes, maintaining social order, and adjudicating matters of community importance. It operates at village and inter-village levels, with the Manki presiding over larger disputes. The Sori system continues to function alongside the formal government panchayat system in Ho-dominated areas.
Jharkhand's tribal communities traditionally measure wealth through ownership of what?
Correct Answer: B. Cattle and land
In Jharkhand's tribal societies, wealth is traditionally measured by land holdings and cattle ownership. Cattle serve as currency for bride price, feasts, and social obligations. This agrarian-pastoral economy forms the basis of tribal social hierarchy and status in Jharkhand's Adivasi communities.
Which Jharkhand tribe has a significant community in the tea gardens of Assam having migrated there during British period?
Correct Answer: C. Santhal and other Jharkhand tribes collectively called Adivasi tea garden workers
Large numbers of Santhal, Munda, Oraon, and other Jharkhand tribal communities were transported to Assam tea gardens during the British period as indentured labour under the Workman's Breach of Contract Act. These descendants, now called 'Adivasi tea garden workers' or 'Chai Bagan Shramik', constitute a significant population in Assam's tea districts. They retain their Jharkhand tribal cultural identity while living in Assam.
The 'Sosobonga' in Munda religion refers to what?
Correct Answer: B. Supreme God/Creator — same as Sing Bonga
Sosobonga (also spelled Thakur Jiu or Sing Bonga) is the supreme creator deity in Munda religion, equivalent to the Christian God or Hindu Brahman. The Munda believe Sosobonga created the universe, humans, and all living beings. Worship of Sosobonga is distinct from the worship of village and nature spirits (Bonga) in the Munda religious hierarchy.
Which Jharkhand tribal artist is known for pioneering recognition of Sohrai and Khovar paintings?
Correct Answer: B. Bulaki Devi and other Hazaribagh women artists
Women artists from Hazaribagh district, most notably Bulaki Devi, have been instrumental in bringing Sohrai and Khovar paintings to national and international recognition. The Hazaribagh Sohrai Khovar Painting Association has worked to document and promote these art forms. The UNESCO recognition of Sohrai painting was partly due to the efforts of these grassroots women artists and NGOs working in the region.
The Jugsalai area near Jamshedpur is known for which tribal craft industry?
Correct Answer: B. Lac (shellac) bangles and jewellery making
The Jugsalai area near Jamshedpur (East Singhbhum) is known for its lac (shellac) bangle-making industry, which employs tribal and non-tribal artisans. Lac jewellery making is a traditional craft associated with tribal communities in Jharkhand and has been practised for generations. Lac bangles from Jharkhand are sold across India and are an important component of tribal crafts economy.