Human Diseases — Set 1
Biology · मानव रोग · Questions 1–10 of 70
Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan parasite transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito?
Correct Answer: C. Malaria
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites which are spread through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. This disease primarily affects the liver and red blood cells in the human body. Quinine is a traditional medication used to treat this condition.
The deficiency of which vitamin causes the disease known as Rickets in children?
Correct Answer: D. Vitamin D
Vitamin D deficiency leads to the softening and weakening of bones in children, known as rickets. Sunlight is a major natural source for the synthesis of this vitamin in our skin. In adults, the similar condition of bone softening is called osteomalacia.
Which organ of the human body is primarily affected by the disease Tuberculosis?
Correct Answer: B. Lungs
Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mostly targets the lungs. It spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The BCG vaccine is commonly used globally to provide protection against this disease.
Minamata disease is a neurological syndrome caused by severe poisoning from which element?
Correct Answer: C. Mercury
Minamata disease was first discovered in Japan due to the release of methylmercury in industrial wastewater. It causes numbness in hands, muscle weakness, and damage to hearing and speech. This condition is a classic example of environmental pollution affecting human health.
Which of the following is a viral disease that affects the liver and causes yellowing of the skin?
Correct Answer: A. Hepatitis
Hepatitis refers to the inflammation of the liver often caused by various viruses like A, B, or C. The buildup of bilirubin in the blood leads to the characteristic yellowing known as jaundice. Hepatitis B is particularly known for being transmitted through infected blood or body fluids.
The 'Widal Test' is used for the diagnosis of which human disease?
Correct Answer: C. Typhoid
The Widal test identifies the presence of antibodies against the Salmonella typhi bacteria in a patient's serum. Typhoid fever is typically spread through contaminated food and water. This diagnostic method has been used for over a century in clinical practice.
Scurvy is caused by the chronic deficiency of which nutrient in the diet?
Correct Answer: B. Vitamin C
Scurvy is a condition resulting from a lack of Vitamin C, which is essential for collagen synthesis. Symptoms include bleeding gums, skin spots, and slow wound healing. Citrus fruits like lemons and oranges are excellent sources to prevent this disease.
Which disease is characterized by an abnormal increase in blood glucose levels due to insulin issues?
Correct Answer: D. Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus occurs when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin or the body cannot use it effectively. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating the sugar levels in the bloodstream. Chronic high sugar can lead to serious damage to the heart, eyes, and kidneys.
Amoebic dysentery is caused by which of the following microorganisms?
Correct Answer: D. Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that infects the large intestine and causes amoebiasis. It is usually transmitted through the ingestion of cysts in contaminated food or water. Maintaining proper sanitation and personal hygiene is key to preventing its spread.
Goitre, a swelling of the thyroid gland, is primarily caused by the deficiency of?
Correct Answer: D. Iodine
The thyroid gland requires iodine to produce essential hormones that regulate metabolism. Without enough iodine, the gland enlarges in an attempt to capture more of the element from the blood. Iodized salt is the most common public health measure used to prevent this condition.