Human Diseases — Set 4
Biology · मानव रोग · Questions 31–40 of 70
Dermatitis, a condition characterized by skin inflammation, is often a symptom of deficiency in?
Correct Answer: B. Vitamin B complex
Several B-complex vitamins, such as Niacin and Riboflavin, are vital for maintaining healthy skin. Deficiency can lead to redness, itching, and scaling of the skin. A balanced diet containing eggs, meat, and vegetables helps maintain these levels.
Which of the following is caused by the 'Varicella-zoster' virus?
Correct Answer: A. Chickenpox
Chickenpox is a highly contagious infection that causes an itchy, blister-like rash. The virus can remain dormant in the body and reappear later in life as shingles. Vaccination has significantly reduced the global incidence of this disease.
The disease 'Cirrhosis' primarily affects which organ of the human body?
Correct Answer: A. Liver
Cirrhosis is a late-stage scarring of the liver caused by long-term damage like chronic alcoholism or hepatitis. Scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue and prevents the organ from functioning properly. It is a serious condition that can lead to liver failure.
Which of the following is a protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) disease common in young children?
Correct Answer: C. Kwashiorkor
Kwashiorkor is a form of severe malnutrition caused by a lack of protein in the diet, often leading to a swollen abdomen. It typically occurs when a child is weaned from breast milk to a diet high in starch. Another form of PEM due to overall calorie lack is called Marasmus.
Which insect is the vector for 'Bubonic Plague'?
Correct Answer: B. Rat flea
The bacterium Yersinia pestis is transmitted from rodents to humans through the bite of an infected rat flea. This disease caused massive pandemics in human history, such as the 'Black Death' in Europe. Modern antibiotics are now effective in treating the plague if detected early.
The condition 'Pyorrhoea' is a disease associated with which part of the body?
Correct Answer: B. Teeth and Gums
Pyorrhoea, or periodontitis, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and can destroy the bone that supports teeth. It is primarily caused by poor dental hygiene leading to plaque buildup. Regular brushing and professional cleaning are the best preventive measures.
The disease 'Trachoma' is a bacterial infection that affects which organ?
Correct Answer: B. Eyes
Trachoma is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and is the world's leading infectious cause of blindness. It spreads through direct contact with infected eye or nose secretions or via flies. Improvement in water access and sanitation is crucial for its elimination.
Which of the following diseases is prevented by the DPT vaccine?
Correct Answer: C. Diphtheria
The DPT vaccine provides combined protection against Diphtheria, Pertussis (whooping cough), and Tetanus. Diphtheria is a serious bacterial infection that can cause breathing difficulties. It is part of the standard childhood immunization schedule in most countries.
Excessive intake of fluoride in drinking water primarily leads to which health issue?
Correct Answer: D. Skeletal fluorosis
Long-term consumption of high fluoride water causes accumulation in bones, leading to stiffness and pain. It can also cause 'dental fluorosis', which results in mottled and discoloured teeth. This is a significant public health concern in regions with naturally high groundwater fluoride.
Which of the following is caused by the H5N1 virus?
Correct Answer: D. Bird Flu
H5N1 is a type of influenza virus that primarily causes highly contagious respiratory disease in birds. Humans can occasionally be infected through direct contact with sick poultry. Swine flu, on the other hand, is associated with the H1N1 virus.