Human Diseases — Set 6
Biology · मानव रोग · Questions 51–60 of 70
The disease 'Night Blindness' is caused by the deficiency of which vitamin?
Correct Answer: A. Vitamin A
Vitamin A is essential for the production of rhodopsin, a pigment in the eye used for seeing in low light. Deficiency prevents the retina from functioning properly in the dark. Regular consumption of carrots and green vegetables can prevent this condition.
Which of the following is a bacterial disease spread through contaminated water?
Correct Answer: A. Cholera
Cholera is caused by the Vibrio cholerae bacterium and results in severe diarrhea and dehydration. It spreads rapidly in areas without clean water or proper sewage systems. Quick oral rehydration is the primary life-saving treatment.
What is the common cause of the disease known as 'Amoebiasis'?
Correct Answer: B. Protozoa
Amoebiasis is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, which infects the intestines. It is typically transmitted through contaminated food or water containing the parasite's cysts. It is common in tropical areas with poor sanitation.
Deficiency of which nutrient in the diet causes 'Marasmus' in infants?
Correct Answer: D. Proteins and Calories
Marasmus is a severe form of malnutrition caused by a lack of both proteins and energy (calories). It results in significant weight loss and a wasted appearance in infants. It is more common in developing regions with food insecurity.
Which of the following diseases is primarily transmitted by the 'Female Culex' mosquito?
Correct Answer: A. Elephantiasis
Elephantiasis, or lymphatic filariasis, is caused by parasitic worms transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. It leads to the abnormal swelling of limbs and other body parts due to lymph system blockage. Mass drug administration is a key strategy for its elimination.
Which human organ is primarily affected by the disease 'Pneumonia'?
Correct Answer: D. Lungs
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus, causing cough and difficulty breathing. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
The disease 'Scurvy' is cured by consuming which of the following?
Correct Answer: A. Citrus Fruits
Scurvy is caused by Vitamin C deficiency, and citrus fruits are the richest source of this nutrient. Vitamin C is essential for healthy skin, gums, and wound healing. Sailors historically suffered from this due to lack of fresh produce.
A 'vaccine' is generally used to provide immunity against which type of disease?
Correct Answer: D. Infectious Diseases
Vaccines help the immune system recognize and fight specific pathogens like viruses or bacteria. They have successfully eradicated diseases like smallpox and reduced polio worldwide. Vaccination is a cornerstone of modern public health preventive measures.
Which of the following minerals is vital for the formation of strong teeth and bones?
Correct Answer: D. Calcium
Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and is necessary for bone structural integrity. It also plays a role in nerve signaling and muscle contraction. Milk and dairy products are excellent sources of dietary calcium.
What type of disease is 'Polio' based on its causative agent?
Correct Answer: C. Viral
The correct answer is 'Viral'. Polio is caused by the poliovirus, which attacks the nervous system and can cause paralysis. It is spread through contaminated water or food or contact with an infected person. Global pulse polio programs have brought the disease to the brink of eradication.