Human Diseases — Set 2
Biology · मानव रोग · Questions 11–20 of 70
Which of the following is a hereditary disease that affects the blood's ability to clot?
Correct Answer: A. Haemophilia
Haemophilia is a genetic disorder where the blood lacks specific clotting factors, leading to prolonged bleeding. It is usually inherited from parents and is more commonly observed in males. Historical records often refer to it as the 'Royal Disease' due to its presence in European royalty.
Kala-azar, also known as Black Fever, is transmitted by the bite of which insect?
Correct Answer: C. Sandfly
The correct answer is 'Sandfly'. Kala-azar is caused by Leishmania parasites and is spread to humans by infected female sandflies. It primarily affects internal organs like the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. It is considered one of the major neglected tropical diseases in the world.
The deficiency of which mineral in the human body leads to the condition of Anaemia?
Correct Answer: C. Iron
Iron is a critical component of haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A lack of iron results in decreased oxygen transport, leading to fatigue and weakness. Green leafy vegetables and red meat are rich sources of dietary iron.
Which part of the body is affected by the disease 'Glaucoma'?
Correct Answer: D. Eyes
The correct answer is 'Eyes'. Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often due to abnormally high pressure in the eye. It is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Regular eye check-ups are essential for early detection and management of the pressure.
Encephalitis is a disease that causes inflammation in which part of the body?
Correct Answer: D. Brain
Encephalitis is the inflammation of the brain tissue, most commonly caused by a viral infection. It can result in symptoms ranging from mild flu-like issues to severe seizures or loss of consciousness. Japanese Encephalitis is a specific type spread by mosquitoes in certain regions.
A person suffering from 'Mypopia' can see nearby objects clearly but has difficulty seeing?
Correct Answer: A. Distant objects
The correct answer is 'Distant objects'. Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved. This causes light rays to focus in front of the retina rather than directly on it. This vision defect is corrected using concave (diverging) lenses.
Which disease is also commonly referred to as 'Hydrophobia'?
Correct Answer: B. Rabies
Rabies is a viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, most often dogs. In later stages, patients develop a fear of water because of painful throat spasms when trying to drink. Louis Pasteur developed the first effective vaccine for this fatal disease.
The 'ELISA' test is most commonly used for the initial screening of which infection?
Correct Answer: C. HIV/AIDS
The correct answer is 'HIV/AIDS'. ELISA stands for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and detects antibodies or antigens in the blood. It is a highly sensitive test used to screen for the presence of HIV. If a result is positive, it is typically confirmed using a more specific Western Blot test.
Which of the following diseases is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)?
Correct Answer: D. Beri-beri
Beri-beri is a disease that affects the nervous system and cardiovascular system due to a lack of Thiamine. It was historically common in populations that relied heavily on polished (white) rice. Whole grains and legumes are natural sources that can prevent this deficiency.
Athletes' Foot is a common skin infection caused by which type of organism?
Correct Answer: D. Fungus
The correct answer is 'Fungus'. Athlete's foot is a fungal infection that typically affects the skin between the toes. It thrives in warm, moist environments like sweaty shoes or locker rooms. The condition is contagious and can spread through contaminated floors or towels.