World Personalities — Set 3
Famous People · विश्व हस्तियां · Questions 21–30 of 60
Who was the longest-reigning monarch in British history until her passing in 2022?
Correct Answer: D. Queen Elizabeth II
Queen Elizabeth II reigned for over 70 years, witnessing significant global changes. She served as a symbol of continuity and duty for the United Kingdom. Her reign spanned the tenure of 15 different British Prime Ministers.
Which activist wrote 'The Diary of a Young Girl' while hiding from the Nazis?
Correct Answer: A. Anne Frank
Anne Frank documented her life in an attic in Amsterdam during World War II. Her diary provides a powerful human perspective on the horrors of the Holocaust. It has been translated into dozens of languages and read by millions.
Who was the primary leader of the Indian independence movement using non-violent resistance?
Correct Answer: C. Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi employed 'Satyagraha' to challenge British rule in India. His philosophy of non-violence influenced many other civil rights movements worldwide. He is officially honored in India as the 'Father of the Nation'.
Which English naturalist proposed the theory of evolution through natural selection?
Correct Answer: D. Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin published his findings in the landmark book 'On the Origin of Species'. He observed diverse species on the Galapagos Islands to support his ideas. His work fundamentally changed our understanding of biological life.
Who was the first woman to serve as the Chancellor of Germany?
Correct Answer: A. Angela Merkel
Angela Merkel held the office for four terms from 2005 to 2021. She was often described as the de facto leader of the European Union. She played a central role in managing the Eurozone debt crisis.
Which explorer is credited with initiating the first circumnavigation of the Earth?
Correct Answer: C. Ferdinand Magellan
Ferdinand Magellan set out from Spain in 1519 to find a western route to the Spice Islands. Although he died during the journey, his fleet completed the voyage in 1522. This expedition proved that the Earth could be traveled around by sea.
Who was the primary leader of the Cuban Revolution and later served as its head of state?
Correct Answer: D. Fidel Castro
Fidel Castro transformed Cuba into a one-party communist state after the 1959 revolution. He remained in power for nearly five decades, making him a major figure of the Cold War. He survived hundreds of assassination attempts during his long political career.
Which French emperor conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century?
Correct Answer: A. Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power during the French Revolution and implemented the Napoleonic Code. He won several major military campaigns before his eventual defeat at Waterloo. His legal reforms have left a lasting impact on many civil law jurisdictions.
Who was the founder of the modern Red Cross movement?
Correct Answer: C. Henry Dunant
Henry Dunant was inspired to act after witnessing the suffering at the Battle of Solferino. He was the first recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901. His efforts led to the adoption of the first Geneva Convention.
Which physicist developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation in the 17th century?
Correct Answer: D. Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton published his findings in the monumental work 'Principia Mathematica'. He also invented calculus and made significant contributions to the study of optics. He is considered one of the most influential figures in scientific history.