World Personalities — Set 5
Famous People · विश्व हस्तियां · Questions 41–50 of 60
Who was the first woman to fly into space?
Correct Answer: C. Valentina Tereshkova
Valentina Tereshkova flew aboard Vostok 6 in 1963, orbiting the Earth 48 times. She remains the only woman to have completed a solo space mission in history. Before her cosmonaut career, she was a textile factory worker and an amateur skydiver.
Who is known as the 'Father of Physics' and made significant discoveries in mechanics and optics?
Correct Answer: D. Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton formulated the three laws of motion that govern the physical world. He also discovered universal gravitation and explained why objects fall toward the Earth. His work 'Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica' is a foundation of classical mechanics.
Who was the first female President of India?
Correct Answer: A. Pratibha Patil
Pratibha Patil served as the 12th President of India from 2007 to 2012. She previously served as the Governor of Rajasthan before her election to the presidency. She had a long and distinguished career in both law and politics.
Which scientist is famous for his discovery of penicillin, the first true antibiotic?
Correct Answer: D. Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming noticed a mold that killed bacteria in his laboratory in 1928. This discovery revolutionized medicine by providing a cure for many bacterial infections. He shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1945 for this life-saving work.
Who was the primary leader of the civil rights movement in the United States and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964?
Correct Answer: C. Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister who led the campaign for racial equality using non-violent methods. He is best remembered for his iconic 'I Have a Dream' speech during the March on Washington. He was a central figure in the passage of the Civil Rights Act.
Which mathematician and physicist developed the laws of planetary motion?
Correct Answer: B. Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler used extensive data to prove that planets move in elliptical orbits around the Sun. His three laws provided the mathematical foundation for later theories of gravitation. He was a key figure in the 17th-century scientific revolution.
Who was the first person to sail around the world (circumnavigation)?
Correct Answer: B. Ferdinand Magellan
Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Although he died during the journey, his crew completed the first trip around the world in 1522. This voyage proved that the Earth is round and could be traveled by sea.
Which American president issued the Emancipation Proclamation and led the country during the Civil War?
Correct Answer: B. Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln served as the 16th President and is celebrated for preserving the Union. He fought to end the system of slavery in the United States through legal and military means. He is often ranked as one of the greatest leaders in American history.
Who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in two different scientific fields?
Correct Answer: A. Marie Curie
Marie Curie received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911. Her pioneering work on radioactivity paved the way for modern oncology and nuclear physics. She was also the first female professor at the University of Paris.
Who is the founder of the modern Red Cross and the first recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize?
Correct Answer: B. Henry Dunant
Henry Dunant was a Swiss businessman who organized emergency aid for wounded soldiers at the Battle of Solferino. His ideas led to the creation of the International Committee of the Red Cross. He received the inaugural Nobel Peace Prize in 1901.