Pollution & Protocols — Set 1
Geography · प्रदूषण और प्रोटोकॉल · Questions 1–10 of 60
Which international agreement specifically aims to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases?
Correct Answer: C. Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in 1997 to commit industrialized nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It is based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. This treaty was later followed by the Paris Agreement.
What is the primary pollutant responsible for the phenomenon of 'Acid Rain'?
Correct Answer: A. Sulphur Dioxide
Sulphur Dioxide reacts with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulphuric acid. This process results in precipitation with a low pH value. Nitrogen oxides also contribute significantly to this environmental issue.
Which of the following is a primary air pollutant?
Correct Answer: D. Particulate Matter
Particulate matter is emitted directly into the atmosphere from sources like vehicles and factories. It consists of microscopic solids or liquid droplets. Secondary pollutants like ozone are formed through chemical reactions in the air.
The 'Minamata Convention' is an international treaty designed to protect human health from which substance?
Correct Answer: A. Mercury
The Minamata Convention focuses on reducing mercury emissions and releases into the environment. Mercury is a toxic heavy metal that accumulates in the food chain. It is named after a Japanese city devastated by mercury poisoning.
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer that protects us from UV rays?
Correct Answer: B. Stratosphere
The Stratosphere houses the highest concentration of ozone gas. This layer absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation. Thinning of this layer can lead to increased skin cancer rates.
What is the main cause of 'Eutrophication' in water bodies?
Correct Answer: D. Excessive nutrients
Eutrophication occurs when water bodies receive excess nutrients like nitrates and phosphates. This leads to rapid algae growth which depletes oxygen levels in the water. Runoff from agricultural fertilizers is a major source of these nutrients.
Which protocol is renowned for being the most successful environmental treaty due to its work on the ozone layer?
Correct Answer: D. Montreal Protocol
The Montreal Protocol was designed to phase out the production of ozone-depleting substances. It has successfully led to the gradual recovery of the Earth's ozone layer. CFCs and halons were the primary substances targeted by this agreement.
The term 'BOD' is used as a measure for which type of pollution?
Correct Answer: C. Water Pollution
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) measures the amount of oxygen required by bacteria to decompose organic matter. High BOD levels indicate that the water is heavily polluted with organic waste. It is a standard test used in wastewater treatment plants.
Which gas is primarily responsible for the 'Greenhouse Effect' on Earth?
Correct Answer: A. Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide traps heat in the atmosphere, maintaining the Earth's temperature. While it occurs naturally, human activities have significantly increased its concentration. This increase is a major driver of modern global warming.
Which convention regulates the international trade of endangered species of wild fauna and flora?
Correct Answer: A. CITES
CITES ensures that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival. It provides varying degrees of protection to more than 35,000 species. The agreement was drafted as a result of a resolution at an IUCN meeting.