G20, BRICS, SCO & QUAD — Set 14
International Relations · G20, BRICS, SCO और QUAD · Questions 131–140 of 160
In QUAD, Australia rejoined after initial withdrawal. Under which Australian PM did Australia withdraw from QUAD in 2008?
Correct Answer: C. Kevin Rudd
Australia withdrew from the QUAD in 2008 under PM Kevin Rudd, who prioritized positive engagement with China over the QUAD framework. Rudd was concerned QUAD would damage Australia-China economic relations. Australia rejoined QUAD under PM Scott Morrison in 2017-2018 revival. China remained a major Australian trade partner throughout.
The G20 'New Collective Quantified Goal' (NCQG) on climate finance refers to what?
Correct Answer: B. New financial commitment beyond the $100 billion/year climate finance target, agreed at COP29 2024
The NCQG on climate finance is the post-2025 global climate finance goal to replace the previous $100 billion/year commitment (which developed countries fulfilled late and inadequately). The NCQG was agreed at COP29 in Baku 2024. India and other developing countries pushed for a much higher finance commitment recognizing climate adaptation needs.
The SCO's 'Peace Mission' counter-terrorism exercise has been held since which year?
Correct Answer: B. 2003
SCO's 'Peace Mission' counter-terrorism exercise has been held since 2003. Peace Mission 2003 was the first joint counter-terrorism exercise among SCO members (Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan). India participated as a full member from 2017 onwards. The exercises demonstrate SCO's practical security cooperation.
Which BRICS country has declined to join AIIB (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank)?
Correct Answer: A. Brazil
Brazil is not a member of AIIB (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank). The AIIB, proposed by China in 2013 and established in 2015, has over 100 members including India, Russia, and South Africa from BRICS. Brazil chose not to join AIIB, preferring to use NDB for regional multilateral financing. USA and Japan also refused to join AIIB.
The QUAD's 'Semiconductor Partnership' connects India's manufacturing push to which US legislation?
Correct Answer: B. US CHIPS and Science Act 2022
The QUAD Semiconductor Partnership connects India's semiconductor manufacturing mission to the US CHIPS and Science Act (2022), which provides $52 billion for US semiconductor manufacturing and $200 billion for science and technology research. India-US iCET (Critical and Emerging Technology) links QUAD semiconductor cooperation to the bilateral US-India semiconductor partnership.
The G20's role in addressing the 2008 Global Financial Crisis included which immediate action?
Correct Answer: B. Coordinated fiscal stimulus of approximately $5 trillion globally
In response to the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, G20 Leaders committed to coordinated fiscal stimulus packages totaling approximately $5 trillion (2% of GDP for major economies) at the London Summit 2009. This prevented a Great Depression-level collapse. The stimulus was the first major demonstration of G20's utility as a crisis coordination forum.
BRICS 'Sherpa Track' meetings are chaired by?
Correct Answer: C. Personal representatives (Sherpas) of BRICS leaders
BRICS Sherpa Track meetings are chaired by Sherpas — the personal representatives of BRICS leaders, typically senior diplomats or officials from the Foreign/External Affairs Ministry. Sherpas negotiate the BRICS Leaders' Declaration, coordinate working group outcomes, and organize the summit logistics. India's BRICS Sherpas have included senior MEA officials.
The QUAD's 'Indo-Pacific vision' contrasts with China's vision in what fundamental way?
Correct Answer: B. QUAD promotes rules-based order with freedom of navigation; China promotes hierarchical order with its dominance
QUAD promotes a rules-based international order in the Indo-Pacific — freedom of navigation, overflight, and peaceful resolution of disputes under UNCLOS. China promotes a China-centric hierarchical regional order, challenges US alliances, and makes expansive territorial claims in South and East China Seas. This fundamental difference drives QUAD's formation.
India held the 2012 BRICS Summit in which city?
Correct Answer: A. New Delhi
India hosted the 4th BRICS Summit in New Delhi on 29 March 2012. The summit's theme was 'BRICS Partnership for Global Stability, Security and Prosperity.' India first proposed the BRICS Development Bank at this summit. The Delhi Declaration called for BRICS cooperation on G20 and UN Security Council reform.
Which G20 working group focuses on the digital economy?
Correct Answer: C. G20 Digital Economy Working Group (DEWG)
The G20 Digital Economy Working Group (DEWG) focuses on digital economy issues including digital infrastructure, data governance, cybersecurity, digital trade, and digital public infrastructure. India's DPI showcase was a major DEWG contribution. The DEWG produces the G20 Digital Economy Outlook.