G20, BRICS, SCO & QUAD — Set 3
International Relations · G20, BRICS, SCO और QUAD · Questions 21–30 of 160
China joined the BRICS (BRIC) format as a founding member. What is China's official term for BRICS cooperation?
Correct Answer: C. BRICS Spirit
China officially calls the BRICS cooperation framework the 'BRICS Spirit' — characterized by mutual respect, equality, solidarity, openness, inclusiveness, and mutual benefit. China has been BRICS' most powerful economy since inception. China's Xiamen hosted the 2017 BRICS Summit.
The G20 Troika consists of the current, previous, and next G20 presidencies. During India's G20 2023, which was the Troika?
Correct Answer: B. Indonesia, India, Brazil
The G20 Troika during India's 2023 presidency consisted of Indonesia (previous presidency), India (current), and Brazil (next presidency). The Troika ensures continuity in G20 priorities across presidencies. Brazil held the G20 Presidency in 2024 following India.
The QUAD Vaccine Initiative pledged to deliver how many COVID-19 vaccines to the Indo-Pacific by end of 2022?
Correct Answer: B. 1 billion
The QUAD Vaccine Initiative pledged to deliver at least 1 billion vaccine doses to the Indo-Pacific region by end of 2022. This was announced at the March 2021 virtual QUAD Leaders' Summit. The initiative used Indian manufacturing capacity (Biological E, SII) with US, Japan, and Australia financing.
The New Development Bank (NDB) headquarters are in Shanghai but its regional offices include one in India. Where?
Correct Answer: A. Mumbai
The correct answer is Mumbai. The NDB has a regional office in Johannesburg (Africa Regional Centre) and opened its India office in Mumbai (GIFT City, Gandhinagar area initially discussed but Mumbai finalized). NDB focuses on infrastructure and sustainable development financing for member countries and their regions. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
The 15th BRICS Summit (2023) was held in which country?
Correct Answer: C. South Africa
The 15th BRICS Summit was held in Johannesburg, South Africa on 22-24 August 2023. It was the first in-person BRICS Summit since the COVID-19 pandemic. The major outcome was the historic expansion of BRICS with six new members invited.
SCO's primary mandate includes cooperation in which key area?
Correct Answer: B. Counter-terrorism and regional security
SCO's primary mandate focuses on counter-terrorism, separatism, and extremism (the 'Three Evils'), regional security, and economic cooperation. The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) in Tashkent coordinates counter-terrorism efforts. SCO also promotes economic connectivity including BRI linkages.
India hosts a QUAD working group on which critical technology?
Correct Answer: C. Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET)
India and the US launched the Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET) in 2023, which covers quantum computing, AI, semiconductors, and defense tech. Under QUAD, there are working groups on vaccines, climate, tech, and space. The QUAD Critical and Emerging Technology Working Group was established in 2021.
The BRICS 'Outreach' or 'BRICS+' format was initiated by which country during its BRICS Presidency?
Correct Answer: C. China
China initiated the 'BRICS+' format during its 2017 Xiamen BRICS Presidency, inviting additional countries for dialogue. This expanded BRICS' global footprint. The 2023 Johannesburg Summit formalized expansion with permanent new members.
The G20 Finance Track vs Leaders Track: what is the difference?
Correct Answer: B. Finance Track involves Finance Ministers; Leaders Track involves Heads of State/Government
G20 has two parallel tracks: the Finance Track (meetings of Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors) and the Sherpa Track (discussions among leaders' personal representatives or 'Sherpas') feeding into the Leaders' Summit. Finance Ministers have been meeting since G20's 1999 founding. Leaders' Summits began in 2008.
Which QUAD initiative addresses the climate and clean energy agenda?
Correct Answer: C. QUAD Climate and Clean Energy Initiative
The QUAD Climate and Clean Energy Initiative, launched at the QUAD Leaders' Summit, focuses on deploying clean energy technologies across the Indo-Pacific. It includes clean hydrogen, climate finance, and disaster risk reduction. QUAD has also announced a Clean Energy Supply Chain Initiative.