G20, BRICS, SCO & QUAD — Set 5
International Relations · G20, BRICS, SCO और QUAD · Questions 41–50 of 160
The QUAD Infrastructure Partnership and 'Build Back Better World' (B3W) are alternatives to China's what?
Correct Answer: A. BRI (Belt and Road Initiative)
The QUAD's infrastructure vision and the G7's 'Build Back Better World' (B3W), later renamed 'Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment' (PGII), are positioned as alternatives to China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). They emphasize transparent, high-quality, sustainable infrastructure. India's IMEC is also part of this counter-BRI infrastructure diplomacy.
The G20 Common Framework for Debt Treatment was established to help which countries?
Correct Answer: B. Low-income countries with unsustainable debt
The G20 Common Framework for Debt Treatment, established in November 2020, provides a mechanism for restructuring debt of low-income countries (IDA-eligible) with unsustainable debt burdens. Countries like Zambia, Ethiopia, Ghana, and Chad sought debt relief under this framework. China's participation as a major creditor is crucial but has been slow.
India's position on BRICS expansion was generally what?
Correct Answer: B. India strongly supported BRICS expansion
India generally supported the BRICS expansion at the Johannesburg 2023 Summit. PM Modi expressed support for giving more voice to developing nations through BRICS. However, India has concerns about Pakistan's potential future membership in BRICS given bilateral tensions.
The G20 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Stimulus Plan was endorsed to mobilize how much additional financing for developing countries?
Correct Answer: C. $2.5 trillion
The G20 endorsed the 'SDG Stimulus' plan at the New Delhi 2023 Summit to mobilize $2.5 trillion per year additional financing for developing countries to meet SDGs. This was proposed by the UN Secretary-General. Multilateral Development Bank (MDB) reform to increase lending capacity was key to this plan.
Which QUAD document addressed supply chain resilience, particularly for semiconductors?
Correct Answer: B. QUAD Supply Chain Monitoring Initiative
QUAD launched the 'Supply Chain Monitoring Initiative' to track supply chain vulnerabilities in critical sectors including semiconductors, critical minerals, and clean energy. This was in response to COVID-19 supply chain disruptions. QUAD's semiconductor cooperation is also linked to the US Chips Act and India-US iCET.
SCO's annual military exercise is called what?
Correct Answer: B. Peace Mission
SCO's annual joint counter-terrorism military exercise is called 'Peace Mission.' It has been held since 2003. India has participated in Peace Mission exercises as a full SCO member. The exercises simulate counter-terrorism operations in various terrains.
In the BRICS grouping, which country has the largest GDP?
Correct Answer: D. China
China has the largest GDP among BRICS members — approximately $17-18 trillion (nominal), making it the world's 2nd largest economy. China accounts for nearly 70% of original BRICS' combined GDP. India is the 5th largest economy globally and the fastest-growing major BRICS economy.
The G20 'Global Biofuels Alliance' was India's landmark initiative. Where was it launched?
Correct Answer: B. G20 New Delhi Summit 2023
The Global Biofuels Alliance (GBA) was launched at the G20 New Delhi Summit on 9 September 2023 with 19 member countries and 12 international organizations. India, USA, and Brazil are the founding co-chairs. The GBA promotes biofuels as clean fuel alternatives, aligning with India's Ethanol Blending Programme.
Iran officially joined BRICS in which year?
Correct Answer: C. 2024
Iran was among the six countries invited to join BRICS at the Johannesburg 2023 Summit. Iran officially became a BRICS member on 1 January 2024. Iran's BRICS membership despite US sanctions marks a significant geopolitical realignment. China and Russia supported Iran's inclusion.
The SCO Charter establishing its permanent structures was signed in which year?
Correct Answer: B. 2002
The SCO Charter, establishing its permanent structures, objectives, and principles, was signed in St. Petersburg, Russia on 7 June 2002. It came into force on 19 September 2003. The SCO Secretariat and RATS were established based on the Charter.