Four Labour Codes 2020 — Set 1
Labour Laws · चार श्रम संहिताएं 2020 · Questions 1–10 of 200
How many central labour laws were consolidated into the four Labour Codes?
Correct Answer: C. 29
The Government of India consolidated 29 central labour laws into four comprehensive Labour Codes. This consolidation was aimed at simplifying compliance, reducing multiplicity of definitions, and improving ease of doing business. The four codes cover wages, industrial relations, social security, and occupational safety.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four Labour Codes passed in 2019-2020?
Correct Answer: C. Code on Trade Unions
The four Labour Codes are: Code on Wages (2019), Industrial Relations Code (2020), Code on Social Security (2020), and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code (2020). There is no separate 'Code on Trade Unions' — the Trade Unions Act 1926 was subsumed into the Industrial Relations Code. The consolidation reduced 29 laws to 4 broad codes.
Which Ministry administers all four Labour Codes?
Correct Answer: C. Ministry of Labour and Employment
All four Labour Codes are administered by the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India. This ministry formulates and implements policies for the welfare of workers and regulation of employment. The ministry also oversees statutory bodies like EPFO and ESIC that function under the new codes.
The Code on Wages was passed in which year?
Correct Answer: B. 2019
The Code on Wages was enacted in August 2019, making it the first of the four Labour Codes to be passed. It received Presidential assent on 8 August 2019. It consolidated four laws: the Minimum Wages Act 1948, Payment of Wages Act 1936, Equal Remuneration Act 1976, and the Payment of Bonus Act 1965.
Which four laws were consolidated into the Code on Wages, 2019?
Correct Answer: B. Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Wages Act, Equal Remuneration Act, Payment of Bonus Act
The Code on Wages 2019 consolidates four laws: the Minimum Wages Act 1948, Payment of Wages Act 1936, Equal Remuneration Act 1976, and the Payment of Bonus Act 1965. These four laws previously had overlapping definitions and separate compliance requirements. The Code on Wages introduced a universal minimum wage concept covering all workers regardless of sector.
The Industrial Relations Code 2020 consolidates which three laws?
Correct Answer: A. Trade Unions Act 1926, Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act 1946, Industrial Disputes Act 1947
The Industrial Relations Code 2020 consolidates three laws: the Trade Unions Act 1926, the Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act 1946, and the Industrial Disputes Act 1947. These were the primary laws governing employer-employee relations, dispute resolution, and trade union recognition. Bringing them under one code was meant to reduce conflicts between overlapping provisions.
How many laws were consolidated under the Code on Social Security, 2020?
Correct Answer: C. 9
The Code on Social Security 2020 consolidates nine laws related to worker welfare and social protection. These include the EPF Act 1952, ESI Act 1948, Maternity Benefit Act 1961, Payment of Gratuity Act 1972, Employee's Compensation Act 1923, and others including laws for unorganised and construction workers. The consolidation aimed to extend social security coverage to previously excluded segments like gig and platform workers.
How many laws were consolidated under the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020?
Correct Answer: C. 13
The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code (OSHWC Code) 2020 consolidates 13 different central labour laws. These include major laws such as the Factories Act 1948, Mines Act 1952, Building and Other Construction Workers Act 1996, and the Contract Labour Act 1970. The consolidation aimed to provide uniform safety and health standards across diverse industries and establishments.
Under which constitutional provision does Labour fall as a subject?
Correct Answer: C. Concurrent List
Labour is a subject in the Concurrent List under the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution. Both the Parliament and State Legislatures can legislate on labour matters. The relevant entries are Entry 22 (Trade Unions), Entry 23 (Social Security), and Entry 24 (Welfare of Labour) in the Concurrent List.
Which commission's recommendations were the primary basis for consolidating labour laws into codes?
Correct Answer: B. Second National Labour Commission 2002
The Second National Labour Commission (2002), chaired by Ravindra Varma, recommended the consolidation of central labour laws into four or five groups based on their subject matter. This commission's report provided the roadmap for the labour code reforms implemented between 2019 and 2020. The commission had been set up to rationalise and simplify the complex web of labour legislation in India.