Early Nationalism & INC Formation — Set 13
National Movement · प्रारंभिक राष्ट्रवाद और INC · Questions 121–130 of 160
The Bengal Renaissance was a significant cultural and intellectual movement of 19th century India. Which city was its epicenter?
Correct Answer: C. C. Calcutta
The correct answer is C. Calcutta. The Bengal Renaissance centered in Calcutta witnessed a flowering of art, literature, philosophy, and social thought that influenced the entire Indian subcontinent. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Based on historical events, The Bengal Renaissance was a significant cultural and intellectual movement of 19th century India. Which city was its epicenter?
Correct Answer: A. A. Calcutta
The correct answer is A. Calcutta. The Bengal Renaissance centered in Calcutta witnessed a flowering of art, literature, philosophy, and social thought that influenced the entire Indian subcontinent. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Which of the following statements about Calcutta is correct? The Bengal Renaissance was a significant cultural and intellectual movement of 19th century India. Which city was its epicenter?
Correct Answer: A. A. Calcutta
The correct answer is A. Calcutta. The Bengal Renaissance centered in Calcutta witnessed a flowering of art, literature, philosophy, and social thought that influenced the entire Indian subcontinent. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
What was the significance of Rabindranath Tagore returning his knighthood in 1919?
Correct Answer: A. A. It was a protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre
Rabindranath Tagore returned his knighthood in 1919 as a protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. In a letter to the Viceroy, he wrote that the massacre left him no place to take 'pride in any special distinction by my countrymen.' His gesture was a powerful moral statement that resonated internationally. Tagore, as a Nobel laureate, had global stature, making his protest against British atrocities a major international event.
Who was the first Indian woman to preside over INC after Annie Besant?
Correct Answer: A. A. Sarojini Naidu in 1925
Sarojini Naidu became the first Indian woman to preside over the Indian National Congress at the Kanpur session in 1925. Known as the 'Nightingale of India' for her poetry, she was also a fierce nationalist and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi. She participated in the Dandi March and was jailed during the Civil Disobedience Movement. She later became the Governor of United Provinces (Uttar Pradesh) after independence.
What was the 'Annie Besant' - Home Rule League' controversy?
Correct Answer: A. A. Besant was interned by the British for her Home Rule activities in 1917
Annie Besant was interned by the British in June 1917 for her Home Rule activities. This backfired on the British as her internment generated enormous sympathy for her and the Home Rule movement. Nationalists across the spectrum, including moderates and extremists, demanded her release. The controversy led to her election as INC President at the Calcutta session in 1917. The British eventually released her, and she was elected to the INC presidency shortly after.
What was the role of Romesh Chunder Dutt in early nationalism?
Correct Answer: A. A. He wrote 'Economic History of India' documenting British economic exploitation
Romesh Chunder Dutt was an ICS officer and historian who wrote the 'Economic History of India' (two volumes, 1902-04), which documented British economic exploitation of India. His work, along with Dadabhai Naoroji's writings, provided the intellectual and statistical foundation for the nationalist critique of British economic policies. He was twice president of the INC (1899 and 1905). His scholarship strengthened the economic arguments of the nationalist movement.
What was the Madras session of INC in 1887 notable for?
Correct Answer: A. A. First Muslim president Badruddin Tyabji presided showing Congress's inclusive nature
The Madras session of the INC in 1887 was notable for having Badruddin Tyabji as the first Muslim president of the organization. His presidency symbolized the INC's original vision as an inclusive organization representing all Indians regardless of religion. However, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was already warning Muslims against joining the INC at this time. The session showed both the early INC's inclusive ambitions and the beginning of Muslim political separatism.
What was the significance of the INC session at Amritsar in 1919?
Correct Answer: A. A. Motilal Nehru presided and the massacre at Jallianwala Bagh was condemned
The Amritsar session of the INC in 1919, presided over by Motilal Nehru, was held in the aftermath of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. The session strongly condemned the massacre and the Rowlatt Act. Gandhi was still hoping to work within the system at this point, but the session marked a turning point as more Indians lost faith in British justice. The INC's full-throated condemnation helped transform moderate Indians into committed nationalists.
Who was the 'Viceroy' who partitioned Bengal in 1905?
Correct Answer: A. A. Lord Curzon
Lord Curzon, who served as Viceroy of India from 1899 to 1905, ordered the partition of Bengal in 1905. He divided Bengal into two provinces — East Bengal and Assam (Muslim majority) and West Bengal (Hindu majority). Curzon's stated reason was administrative convenience, but nationalists believed the true motive was to divide the nationalist movement centered in Bengal. The partition triggered the Swadeshi Movement and led to Curzon's recall after conflicts with Lord Kitchener.