Early Nationalism & INC Formation — Set 3
National Movement · प्रारंभिक राष्ट्रवाद और INC · Questions 21–30 of 160
Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875 with the principle "Go back to the Vedas". What was the primary focus of this organization?
Correct Answer: D. D. Return to Vedic principles
The correct answer is D. Return to Vedic principles. The Arya Samaj founded in 1875 aimed to return to Vedic principles and promote rationalism, opposing superstitions and promoting social reform in North India. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Based on historical events, Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875 with the principle "Go back to the Vedas". What was the primary focus of this organization?
Correct Answer: C. C. Return to Vedic principles
The correct answer is C. Return to Vedic principles. The Arya Samaj founded in 1875 aimed to return to Vedic principles and promote rationalism, opposing superstitions and promoting social reform in North India. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Which of the following statements about Return to Vedic principles is correct? Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875 with the principle "Go back to the Vedas". What was the primary focus of this organization?
Correct Answer: A. A. Return to Vedic principles
The correct answer is A. Return to Vedic principles. The Arya Samaj founded in 1875 aimed to return to Vedic principles and promote rationalism, opposing superstitions and promoting social reform in North India. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.
Which INC session first demanded 'Swaraj' (self-rule)?
Correct Answer: A. A. Calcutta session 1906
The Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress in 1906, presided over by Dadabhai Naoroji, first adopted the demand for 'Swaraj' or self-rule. This was the first time the INC formally demanded self-governance similar to that of the self-governing colonies of the British Empire. The session also adopted the resolutions on Swadeshi, Boycott, and National Education. This session marked a significant radicalization of INC demands.
Who was known as the 'Father of Indian Nationalism'?
Correct Answer: A. A. Surendranath Banerjee
Surendranath Banerjee was known as the 'Father of Indian Nationalism' and was also called 'Rashtraguru.' He founded the Indian Association in 1876 and later merged it with the INC. He was twice president of the INC (1895 and 1902). He opposed the partition of Bengal and was a leading moderate politician.
What was the 'Safety Valve' theory associated with the founding of the INC?
Correct Answer: A. A. INC was created to channel Indian discontent safely
The 'Safety Valve' theory, suggested by Lala Lajpat Rai and later by British historian R.P. Dutt, holds that A.O. Hume founded the INC with the approval of the British government to provide a safety valve for Indian discontent. The idea was that a controlled nationalist organization would prevent a violent revolution. However, modern historians debate whether Hume had this intention. Regardless, the INC eventually evolved into a genuine nationalist movement.
Which Viceroy supported the founding of the Indian National Congress?
Correct Answer: A. A. Lord Dufferin
Lord Dufferin, the Viceroy of India from 1884 to 1888, is said to have supported or at least approved the founding of the Indian National Congress in 1885. A.O. Hume claimed to have organized the INC with the Viceroy's blessing. Later Dufferin became critical of the INC when it became more vocal. Some historians dispute the extent of his initial support.
What was the significance of the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha founded in 1870?
Correct Answer: A. A. It was an early nationalist organization that preceded the INC
The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, founded in 1870 by Mahadev Govind Ranade and Justice M.G. Ranade, was one of the precursors to the Indian National Congress. It worked to educate the public about political issues and petition the government on behalf of Indian people. It played an important role in the growth of nationalism in Maharashtra. Bal Gangadhar Tilak later transformed its Ganesh festival into a nationalist celebration.
Who was the first woman president of the Indian National Congress?
Correct Answer: A. A. Annie Besant
Annie Besant became the first woman president of the Indian National Congress at the Calcutta session in 1917. She was a British activist who settled in India and became a prominent figure in Indian nationalism. She founded the Home Rule League in India in 1916. She was also a Theosophist and founded the Theosophical Society's Indian operations.
Which moderate leader was called the 'Liberator of Indian Press'?
Correct Answer: A. A. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Bal Gangadhar Tilak was called the 'Liberator of Indian Press' and 'Father of Indian Unrest' by the British. Through his newspapers 'Kesari' (Marathi) and 'Mahratta' (English), he advocated forceful measures against British rule. He was tried multiple times for sedition because of his writings. Tilak believed freedom was a birthright and the press was a powerful tool for spreading nationalist ideas.