INC Sessions & Presidents — Set 1
National Movement · INC अधिवेशन और अध्यक्ष · Questions 1–10 of 120
When and where was Mahatma Gandhi born?
Correct Answer: A. October 2, 1869, Porbandar
Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, a coastal town in present-day Gujarat. His full name was Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He later earned the title 'Mahatma' (Great Soul) for his spiritual and moral leadership. October 2 is now celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday in India.
What was the philosophy of non-violent resistance preached by Mahatma Gandhi called?
Correct Answer: B. Satyagraha
Gandhi's philosophy of non-violent resistance was called Satyagraha, meaning 'truth-force' or 'soul-force'. He first developed and used this method in South Africa against racial discrimination. Satyagraha combined the principles of truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa). It became the cornerstone of India's freedom movement against British rule.
Which movement did Mahatma Gandhi launch in 1920 against British rule?
Correct Answer: C. Non-Cooperation Movement
Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920, calling on Indians to withdraw cooperation from the British government. This included boycotting British goods, schools, courts, and legislative councils. The movement was suspended in 1922 after the Chauri Chaura incident, where protesters burnt a police station. It was a landmark mass movement that united millions of Indians against colonial rule.
What was the significance of the Dandi March (Salt March) of 1930?
Correct Answer: B. It marked the start of the Civil Disobedience Movement
Gandhi's Dandi March from March 12 to April 6, 1930, marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement. Gandhi walked 240 miles from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi on the Gujarat coast to make salt from seawater, defying the British Salt Laws. This act of civil disobedience inspired millions across India. It was a major step that ultimately led to India's independence negotiations.
Which movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942?
Correct Answer: C. Quit India Movement
Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement on August 8, 1942, at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee. He gave the famous call 'Do or Die' asking British to leave India immediately. The British government immediately arrested Gandhi and other Congress leaders. This movement played a crucial role in forcing the British to eventually grant India independence in 1947.
What was Gandhi's first Satyagraha in India?
Correct Answer: B. Champaran Satyagraha
The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was Gandhi's first Satyagraha in India, held in the Champaran district of Bihar. He fought for the rights of indigo farmers who were forced to grow indigo under the oppressive tinkathia system. Gandhi's intervention resulted in the government abolishing the tinkathia system. This was also the first time Gandhi used non-violent civil disobedience on a large scale in India.
What does the word 'Ahimsa' mean in Gandhi's philosophy?
Correct Answer: C. Non-violence
Ahimsa means non-violence in Gandhi's philosophy, and it was one of his most fundamental principles. Gandhi believed that non-violence was not just the absence of physical violence but also the absence of ill-will and harm in thought, word, and deed. He combined Ahimsa with Satya (truth) to form his concept of Satyagraha. This principle inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.
Who gave Mahatma Gandhi the title 'Father of the Nation'?
Correct Answer: B. Subhas Chandra Bose
Subhas Chandra Bose first addressed Gandhi as 'Father of the Nation' in a radio broadcast from Singapore in 1944. In return, Rabindranath Tagore had given Gandhi the title 'Mahatma' (Great Soul) earlier. The title 'Father of the Nation' is now officially recognized in India. Gandhi's non-violent methods inspired independence and civil rights movements across the globe.
On which date was Mahatma Gandhi assassinated?
Correct Answer: B. January 30, 1948
Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, in New Delhi, while on his way to a prayer meeting at Birla House. He was shot by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist. Gandhi uttered 'Hey Ram' (Oh God) as he fell. January 30 is now observed as Martyrs' Day (Shaheed Diwas) in India in his memory.
What was the name of Gandhi's autobiography?
Correct Answer: B. The Story of My Experiments with Truth
Gandhi's autobiography is titled 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth'. It was originally written in Gujarati and later translated into English. The book covers his early life, his time in South Africa, and his early activism in India. It is considered one of the most important autobiographies of the 20th century.