Fundamental Rights — Set 6
Indian Polity · मौलिक अधिकार · Questions 51–60 of 120
The phrase 'Procedure Established by Law' in Article 21 is borrowed from?
Correct Answer: D. Japan
This phrase is borrowed from the Japanese Constitution. It contrasts with the American 'Due Process of Law'. It implies strict adherence to the enacted law.
The right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of rights is guaranteed by?
Correct Answer: B. Article 32
Article 32 guarantees this right specifically. Article 226 is for High Courts but is not a Fundamental Right itself. Article 32 is a Fundamental Right.
Which of the following rights is available to foreigners in India?
Correct Answer: B. Article 14
Article 14 (Equality before Law) is available to all. It applies to 'any person', not just citizens. Articles 15, 16, and 19 are reserved for citizens.
The Mandal Commission Report pertains to reservation for?
Correct Answer: C. OBC
The Mandal Commission recommended OBC reservation. It led to 27% reservation in central services. The Indra Sawhney case upheld this implementation.
Which Article gives the Parliament power to modify Fundamental Rights for intelligence organizations?
Correct Answer: B. Article 33
Article 33 covers intelligence organizations too. It applies to forces charged with public order. Parliament restricts their rights to ensure duty performance.
Who has the power to effect legislation to give effect to Fundamental Rights?
Correct Answer: A. Parliament
Article 35 vests this power in the Parliament. State legislatures cannot make laws to enforce Fundamental Rights. This ensures uniformity across India.
The 'Doctrine of Eclipse' applies to?
Correct Answer: D. Pre-constitutional laws
This doctrine applies to pre-constitutional laws. Such laws remain dormant if they violate Fundamental Rights. They become active again if the conflict is removed.
The right to travel abroad is considered part of?
Correct Answer: C. Article 21
The Maneka Gandhi case linked this to Article 21. It is part of personal liberty. Article 19 protects movement only within India.
Under Article 19, restrictions must be?
Correct Answer: A. Reasonable
Restrictions on Article 19 must be reasonable. They are not absolute or arbitrary. The courts decide if a restriction is reasonable.
The 'Rule of Law' is embodied in?
Correct Answer: B. Article 14
Article 14 embodies the Rule of Law. It ensures no one is above the law. This concept comes from A.V. Dicey's theory.