Fundamental Rights — Set 9
Indian Polity · मौलिक अधिकार · Questions 81–90 of 120
Which Article provides protection against ex-post facto laws?
Correct Answer: B. Article 20(1)
Article 20(1) protects against ex-post facto laws. You cannot be punished for an act that was legal when committed. New criminal laws cannot apply retrospectively.
Which of the following is NOT a ground for restriction under Article 19(2)?
Correct Answer: C. Sedition
Sedition is not explicitly mentioned in 19(2). Restrictions include security, public order, and decency. Sedition is a penal offense, not a constitutional restriction ground.
The Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 was enacted to enforce?
Correct Answer: C. Article 17
This Act enforces Article 17. It prescribes punishment for practicing untouchability. The Act was renamed in 1976.
Which Article guarantees the right to assemble peacefully without arms?
Correct Answer: B. Article 19(1)(b)
Article 19(1)(b) grants this right. Assemblies must be peaceful and without arms. This right does not include the right to strike.
The 44th Amendment Act, 1978 removed which right from the list of Fundamental Rights?
Correct Answer: B. Right to Property
The 44th Amendment removed the Right to Property. It repealed Article 19(1)(f) and Article 31. It is now a legal right.
Which Article permits the state to acquire property of a minority educational institution?
Correct Answer: D. Article 30(1A)
Article 30(1A) allows acquisition with compensation. The state must pay market value to the institution. This ensures the minority right is not abrogated.
Which Article is related to the abolition of titles?
Correct Answer: B. Article 18
Article 18 abolishes titles. It prevents the creation of a privileged nobility. Citizens cannot accept foreign titles without consent.
The right to form associations or unions includes the right to form?
Correct Answer: C. Political Parties
Article 19(1)(c) allows forming political parties. It also covers unions and societies. It does not protect illegal or violent groups.
Which Article safeguards the right of a person to be defended by a legal practitioner of his choice?
Correct Answer: C. Article 22(1)
Article 22(1) guarantees this right. An arrested person must be allowed legal defense. It is a vital procedural safeguard.
Which Fundamental Right was suspended during the Emergency of 1975-77 leading to controversy?
Correct Answer: B. Article 21
Article 21 was effectively suspended. The ADM Jabalpur case denied habeas corpus. The 44th Amendment later made this impossible.