Classical Dances — Set 8

Correct Answer: D. Natya Shastra

Bharata Muni's Natya Shastra is the encyclopedic treatise on Indian performing arts. It describes 108 Karanas which are the fundamental units of movement. All recognized classical dances trace their theoretical origins to this text.

Correct Answer: C. Kuchipudi

Kuchipudi incorporates many folk elements including rhythmic gaits that depict different animals. This adds a playful and narrative layer to the classical technique. It is often performed to the accompaniment of Carnatic music.

Correct Answer: D. Bharatanatyam

The correct answer is 'Bharatanatyam'. These percussion instruments are staple components of the South Indian or Carnatic music ensemble. They provide the complex rhythmic structure for the footwork of the dancer. The coordination between the drummer and dancer is a highlight of the performance.

Correct Answer: D. Women and Sages

The correct answer is 'Women and Sages'. Minukku is a simple, radiant makeup using yellow or orange tones. It represents poise, gentle nature, and spiritual wisdom. Unlike the heavy masks of heroes or demons, it highlights the natural facial features.

Correct Answer: A. Odissi

Both Odissi and Chhau originate from the Odisha-Bengal region and share historical aesthetic roots. Modern choreographers often blend the two to create more dynamic stage movements. Chhau itself is recognized as a semi-classical or tribal dance by Sangeet Natak Akademi.

Correct Answer: A. Mohiniyattam

Mohiniyattam is the female counterpart to the male-dominated Kathakali. It focuses on beauty, grace, and subtle eroticism ('Shringara rasa'). The dance is a perfect example of the Lasya style mentioned in ancient texts.

Correct Answer: A. Manipuri

The correct answer is 'Manipuri'. Sankirtana involves ritual singing, drumming, and dancing to celebrate the life of Krishna. It is practiced by the Meitei community in Manipur and is the soul of their classical dance. This recognition by UNESCO highlights its global cultural significance.

Correct Answer: D. Kathak

Kathak is deeply integrated with Hindustani classical music, where the Tabla provides the rhythmic cycle. The dancer and the tabla player often engage in a competitive dialogue called 'Jugalbandi'. This interaction is a unique feature of the North Indian tradition.

Correct Answer: C. Odissi

In Odisha, the temple dancers were known as 'Maharis' who performed exclusively for Lord Jagannath. Their traditions were later codified into the modern Odissi classical form. This lineage provides the dance its deeply spiritual and ritualistic roots.

Correct Answer: B. Shiva and Parvati

Tandava is the vigorous and masculine dance of Shiva representing cosmic destruction and creation. Lasya is the graceful and feminine dance of Parvati representing love and beauty. All Indian classical dances contain elements of both these styles.