NGT, CPCB & Environment Bodies — Set 10
Forest & Wildlife · NGT, CPCB और पर्यावरण निकाय · Questions 91–100 of 100
For the purposes of EIA Notification 2006, what is 'scoping'?
Correct Answer: B. Determining the key issues and Terms of Reference for EIA study
In the EIA process under the 2006 Notification, 'scoping' refers to the process of determining the key issues and preparing the Terms of Reference (ToR) for the EIA study. The Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) determines the scope of the EIA by identifying significant issues based on the project description. Scoping ensures that the EIA focuses on the most important environmental issues.
The Biological Diversity Act 2002 falls under the jurisdiction of which ministry?
Correct Answer: C. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
The Biological Diversity Act 2002 falls under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC). The Act established the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) to implement the Convention on Biological Diversity. MoEFCC oversees biodiversity conservation, sustainable use of biological resources, and equitable sharing of benefits.
What is the primary purpose of the Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZ) around National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries?
Correct Answer: B. To create a buffer zone protecting core wildlife areas from development impacts
Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZ) are created around National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries as buffer zones to protect core wildlife areas from development impacts. Within ESZs, certain activities are prohibited, regulated, or permitted based on their environmental sensitivity. The Supreme Court has mandated a minimum 1 km ESZ around all protected areas unless the state government has already notified an ESZ.
The Green India Mission has a target to increase forest and tree cover to what percentage of India's geographical area?
Correct Answer: C. 33%
The Green India Mission targets increasing forest and tree cover to 33% of India's total geographical area. India's National Forest Policy 1988 also envisages maintaining at least 33% of India's total land area under forest and tree cover. Currently, India's forest cover is approximately 21-22% of the total geographical area.
Which body under MoEFCC manages and regulates activities within designated biosphere reserves in India?
Correct Answer: C. MoEFCC through the Biosphere Reserve Programme
Biosphere reserves in India are managed by MoEFCC through the Biosphere Reserve Programme. India has 18 biosphere reserves, of which 12 have been designated as UNESCO Man and Biosphere Programme sites. Biosphere reserves integrate conservation, research, monitoring, education, and participation of local communities.
CPCB releases the 'Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI)' for which purpose?
Correct Answer: B. To identify critically polluted industrial clusters/areas
CPCB releases the Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) to identify and rank critically polluted industrial clusters/areas in India. Industrial clusters with CEPI scores above 70 are considered 'critically polluted' and may face moratoriums on new industries. CEPI integrates air, water, and land pollution levels along with the population exposure to pollution.
The Solid Waste Management Rules were revised in which year under the EPA 1986?
Correct Answer: C. 2016
The Solid Waste Management Rules were revised in 2016 under the Environment Protection Act 1986. These rules replaced the earlier Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules 2000. The 2016 rules introduced extended producer responsibility, waste segregation at source, and provisions for waste-to-energy conversion.
India's first Environmental Court was established through which legislation?
Correct Answer: A. National Environment Tribunal Act 1995
India's first Environmental Court was established through the National Environment Tribunal Act 1995. However, this tribunal was not effectively operationalized and was eventually replaced by the National Green Tribunal established under the NGT Act 2010. The NGT has become far more effective in dealing with environmental disputes and awarding compensation.
Green Hydrogen is categorized as 'green' when its carbon intensity is below?
Correct Answer: B. 2 kg CO2 per kg of H2
Green hydrogen is categorized as 'green' when its carbon intensity is below 2 kg CO2 equivalent per kg of hydrogen produced. This threshold is defined in India's Green Hydrogen Standard notified by MoNRE in 2023. Hydrogen produced with higher carbon intensity is categorized as grey (from natural gas) or blue (from natural gas with carbon capture).
The concept of 'Sustainable Development' was popularized globally through which report?
Correct Answer: B. Brundtland Report (Our Common Future) 1987
The concept of Sustainable Development was popularized globally through the Brundtland Report titled 'Our Common Future' published in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development. The report defined sustainable development as 'development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.' This definition became the cornerstone of all subsequent international environmental agreements.