NGT, CPCB & Environment Bodies — Set 8
Forest & Wildlife · NGT, CPCB और पर्यावरण निकाय · Questions 71–80 of 100
The National Solar Mission targets how much solar capacity by 2022 as originally set?
Correct Answer: C. 100 GW
The National Solar Mission originally targeted 100 GW of solar energy capacity by 2022. This was one of the ambitious targets set under India's renewable energy programme. India subsequently revised its renewable energy target to 175 GW by 2022 (including 100 GW solar) and later to 500 GW by 2030.
The High Tide Line (HTL) is a critical baseline for measuring CRZ limits. What is it?
Correct Answer: A. The line up to which the highest water level reaches during the spring tide in a year
The High Tide Line (HTL) is defined as the line on the land up to which the highest water level reaches during the spring tide. It is the critical baseline from which CRZ distances are measured on the landward side. The HTL is demarcated by the Survey of India or State governments using established methodologies.
Which mission under NAPCC focuses on developing knowledge systems for climate change?
Correct Answer: C. National Mission for Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change
The National Mission for Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change (NMSKCC) is one of the eight missions under NAPCC that focuses on developing knowledge systems. It aims to build a knowledge base to understand climate change impacts and develop appropriate response strategies. The mission funds research institutions and promotes international collaboration on climate change research.
The EPAct 1986 defines 'environment' to include?
Correct Answer: C. Water, air, land, and the inter-relationship among them and with living organisms
The Environment Protection Act 1986 defines 'environment' broadly to include water, air, land, and the inter-relationship among them and with human beings, other living creatures, plants, microorganisms, and property. This comprehensive definition ensures that all aspects of the natural and built environment are covered under the Act. The broad definition reflects the integrated nature of environmental protection.
The Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) is related to?
Correct Answer: B. Green building rating system
GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) is India's national green building rating system, developed by TERI and supported by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. It evaluates buildings based on their environmental performance including energy efficiency, water conservation, and waste management. Green buildings with GRIHA ratings consume significantly less energy and resources.
Under the Water Act 1974, discharge of sewage or effluents into water bodies without consent from the SPCB is?
Correct Answer: B. An offence punishable with fine and imprisonment
Under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974, discharge of sewage or effluents into water bodies without consent from the SPCB is an offence. The Act provides for imprisonment up to 6 years and/or fine for first contravention. For industries discharging toxic and hazardous pollutants, the penalties are more stringent.
Which of the following is the apex body for wildlife conservation in India under MoEFCC?
Correct Answer: B. National Board for Wildlife (NBWL)
The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) is the apex body for wildlife conservation in India under the MoEFCC. It is chaired by the Prime Minister and includes members from government, NGOs, and eminent conservationists. NBWL reviews and recommends projects in and around protected areas.
The PAT scheme uses which market mechanism to improve industrial energy efficiency?
Correct Answer: C. Trading of Energy Saving Certificates (ESCerts)
The PAT (Perform, Achieve and Trade) scheme uses the trading of Energy Saving Certificates (ESCerts) as a market mechanism to improve industrial energy efficiency. Designated Consumers that exceed their efficiency targets earn ESCerts that can be traded with those who fail to meet targets. This creates a financial incentive for industries to improve energy efficiency beyond the prescribed targets.
Who heads the Steering Committee of the National Green Hydrogen Mission?
Correct Answer: C. Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister
The Steering Committee of the National Green Hydrogen Mission is headed by the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India, with representation from multiple ministries. The mission is coordinated by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. The mission involves multiple stakeholders including industry, research institutions, and government departments.
The concept of 'Polluter Pays Principle' in Indian environmental law is enforced primarily through?
Correct Answer: A. NGT orders and High Court interventions
The 'Polluter Pays Principle' in Indian environmental law is enforced primarily through NGT orders and judicial interventions. The NGT has applied this principle extensively in its orders to make polluters bear the cost of environmental remediation. The principle was recognized by the Supreme Court in cases like Indian Council for Enviro-Legal Action vs Union of India.