Environment & Energy — Set 9
Government Schemes · पर्यावरण और ऊर्जा · Questions 81–90 of 160
National Afforestation Programme uses which mechanism for community participation in forest management?
Correct Answer: B. Joint Forest Management (JFM)
The correct answer is Joint Forest Management (JFM). The National Afforestation Programme channels funds through Forest Development Agencies (FDAs) which in turn implement projects through Joint Forest Management Committees (JFMCs). JFM is a proven approach involving local communities in managing and protecting forest resources. Community members benefit from non-timber forest products and a share of timber proceeds.
What is the approximate length of India's coastline relevant to the MISHTI mangrove scheme?
Correct Answer: C. 7,500 km
The correct answer is 7,500 km. India has a total coastline of approximately 7,516.6 km (including islands). The mainland coastline is about 6,100 km while the island territories add approximately 1,197 km. This extensive coastline offers significant opportunities for mangrove plantation under the MISHTI scheme. Mangroves provide natural barriers against cyclones and tsunamis.
PM Ujjwala Yojana 2.0 was launched on which date in 2021?
Correct Answer: B. 10 August 2021
The correct answer is 10 August 2021. PM Ujjwala Yojana 2.0 was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 10 August 2021 at Mahoba, Uttar Pradesh. The extended scheme removed the requirement for beneficiaries to have address proof, particularly helping migrant workers. It provided one free refill and a hot plate to new beneficiaries.
National Electric Mobility Mission Plan (NEMMP) 2020 set a target of how many electric/hybrid vehicles annually by 2020?
Correct Answer: B. 6-7 million
The correct answer is 6-7 million. The National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020 envisioned achieving sales of 6-7 million electric and hybrid vehicles per year by 2020. The plan was considered ambitious but the actual sales fell significantly short. It provided the policy foundation for the FAME scheme and set the direction for India's EV transition.
India's first solar-powered self-sufficient village Dhundi is located in which state?
Correct Answer: B. Gujarat
The correct answer is Gujarat. Dhundi village in Gujarat's Anand district became India's first solar-powered self-sufficient village. The village installed solar panels and became energy sufficient using solar power for irrigation and domestic needs. Gujarat has been a pioneer in solar energy adoption and hosts several firsts in solar energy projects.
Jal Shakti Abhiyan focuses on which five water conservation activities?
Correct Answer: B. Rainwater harvesting, water body rejuvenation, reuse of treated wastewater, watershed development, intensive afforestation
The correct answer is rainwater harvesting, water body rejuvenation, reuse of treated wastewater, watershed development, and intensive afforestation. These five activities form the core interventions of Jal Shakti Abhiyan focused on water conservation and groundwater recharge. The campaign was time-bound and intensive, with district-level action plans. Both central and state government officials were mobilized for on-ground implementation.
India has the highest number of Ramsar wetland sites in which region?
Correct Answer: B. Asia
The correct answer is Asia. India has the highest number of Ramsar Convention-designated wetland sites in Asia, with 75+ Ramsar sites as of 2023. This reflects India's rich wetland biodiversity and its commitment to wetland conservation. Schemes like the National Wetlands Conservation Programme and Amrit Dharohar aim to protect these internationally important sites.
The Panchamrit (five nectar elements) of India's climate commitments announced at COP26 includes reaching net zero by which year?
Correct Answer: C. 2070
The correct answer is 2070. India's Panchamrit at COP26 Glasgow (2021) included: 500 GW non-fossil energy by 2030, 50% renewable energy by 2030, reducing carbon emissions by 1 billion tonnes by 2030, reducing carbon intensity by 45% by 2030, and achieving net zero by 2070. These ambitious targets positioned India as a key contributor to global climate action.
Under the National Biogas Programme, the Deenbandhu model biogas plant is named after which leader?
Correct Answer: A. Deendayal Upadhyaya
The correct answer is Deendayal Upadhyaya. The Deenbandhu biogas plant model is named after Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya, a prominent political philosopher and organizer. The Deenbandhu model is a fixed-dome design that is the most popular biogas plant type in India for rural households. It is cost-effective, durable, and suitable for Indian conditions.
India's three-stage nuclear power programme uses which fuel in its final stage?
Correct Answer: C. Thorium-232
The correct answer is Thorium-232. India's three-stage nuclear power programme culminates in using thorium as the primary fuel in Fast Breeder Reactors. India has the world's largest thorium reserves, estimated at about 846,000 tonnes. The Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, developed by BHAVINI, is central to achieving this stage of the programme.