History & Panipat Battles — Set 10

Correct Answer: B. Rao Tula Ram

Rewari district in Haryana has a memorial dedicated to Rao Tula Ram, the freedom fighter who led the 1857 revolt in this region. A government museum and memorial have been established in his honor in Rewari. Rao Tula Ram is the most celebrated historical figure of Haryana related to the freedom struggle.

Correct Answer: B. Brahmarshi Desh and Brahmavarta

The ancient region of Haryana has been historically referred to as 'Brahmarshi Desh' (land of Brahmarishi sages) and 'Brahmavarta' (the divine country) in ancient texts. These names reflect the region's association with Vedic civilization and the Saraswati river. The Manusmriti describes Brahmavarta as the region between the Saraswati and Drishadvati rivers (in present-day Haryana).

Correct Answer: B. Flanking maneuver combined with frontal cannon fire

The 'tulugma' was a tactical flanking maneuver where Babur split his forces into several divisions, with the center and flanks attacking simultaneously while artillery provided frontal fire. This tactic confused and surrounded Ibrahim Lodi's much larger army. The tulugma, combined with the unprecedented use of artillery (cannons), was decisive in Babur's victory at Panipat.

Correct Answer: B. Hisar

Rakhigarhi is located in Hisar district of Haryana. It is the largest known site of the Harappan (Indus Valley) Civilization in the Indian subcontinent. Recent studies on ancient DNA from Rakhigarhi skeletons have provided important insights into the origins of the Indus Valley Civilization people.

Correct Answer: C. Aurangzeb

Aurangzeb (ruled 1658–1707) was the last effective Mughal emperor who controlled a vast empire. After his death in 1707, the Mughal Empire rapidly declined due to weak successors, regional revolts, Maratha expansion, and later European colonialism. The weakening of Mughal power set the stage for the power struggles that culminated in battles like Panipat 1761.

Correct Answer: B. Panchkula

Panchkula city in Haryana gets its name from the five (panch) canals (kula) that irrigate the surrounding area. It is a planned urban township situated near Chandigarh and serves as the administrative headquarters of Panchkula district. Panchkula is part of the Chandigarh Tri-city area along with Chandigarh and Mohali.

Correct Answer: C. 30 years

The Second Battle of Panipat (1556) took place approximately 30 years after the First Battle of Panipat (1526). In the intervening period, the Mughal Empire had been interrupted by Sher Shah Suri's conquest (1540) and Humayun's exile. Humayun recaptured Delhi in 1555, and the Second Battle was fought just a year later to consolidate Mughal rule.

Correct Answer: A. Sepoy mutiny at Rohtak cantonment and local uprising

Rohtak district witnessed a significant uprising during the revolt of 1857, with both sepoys and local people joining the rebellion against British rule. The local nawabs and zamindars in the Rohtak area participated in the revolt. After suppressing the revolt, the British confiscated lands and punished the local leaders, leading to significant changes in the administrative structure of the region.

Correct Answer: D. Akbar (buried in Sikandra near Agra)

Akbar, who won the decisive Second Battle of Panipat (1556) that re-established Mughal rule, is buried at Sikandra near Agra. His tomb complex (Akbar ka Maqbara) at Sikandra is a major historical monument. Babur, who won the First Battle of Panipat (1526), is actually buried in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Correct Answer: C. 1966

The Punjab Reorganisation Act was passed in 1966 by the Indian Parliament to divide the state of Punjab into Haryana (Hindi-speaking) and Punjab (Punjabi-speaking), with Chandigarh becoming a centrally administered Union Territory. The act came into effect on 1 November 1966, which is celebrated as Haryana Day. This reorganization was one of the most significant post-independence administrative changes in north India.