History & Panipat Battles — Set 6

Correct Answer: C. Northwest (from Kabul/Afghanistan)

Babur came from the northwest (from Kabul, Afghanistan) to fight Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526. He crossed the Khyber Pass and marched through present-day Pakistan to reach Panipat. This northwest route through the passes of the Hindu Kush and into the Indo-Gangetic plains was the traditional invasion route into India.

Correct Answer: B. Delhi and Agra both

Before the Second Battle of Panipat (1556), Hemu had captured both Delhi and Agra from the Mughals. He had defeated the Mughal governor Tardi Beg Khan at Delhi. After capturing Delhi, he proclaimed himself king with the title 'Vikramaditya', representing the last Hindu attempt to claim the Delhi throne before Akbar's final consolidation.

Correct Answer: C. It was fought on the Hindu festival marking the sun's northward journey

The Third Battle of Panipat (14 January 1761) was fought on Makar Sankranti, the Hindu festival marking the transition of the sun into Capricorn and the beginning of the sun's northward journey (Uttarayana). Many Marathas believed this was an auspicious beginning for a great battle. Despite the auspiciousness of the date, the Marathas suffered a catastrophic defeat.

Correct Answer: A. Battle where Banda Singh Bahadur defeated the Mughals

Sirhind (Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab) was the site where Banda Singh Bahadur, the Sikh military commander, defeated the Mughal forces in 1710 and executed Wazir Khan, who had been responsible for the martyrdom of the younger Sahibzadas (sons) of Guru Gobind Singh. Though Sirhind is technically in Punjab, Sirsa in Haryana is a nearby historically significant town. Banda Singh Bahadur's campaign significantly weakened Mughal power in the region.

Correct Answer: B. Sur dynasty — he had displaced Humayun, and his successors were defeated at Panipat 1556

Sher Shah Suri belonged to the Sur dynasty and had displaced the Mughal emperor Humayun from the throne of Delhi. After Sher Shah's death in 1545, his weak successors could not maintain the empire. Hemu, the general of Adil Shah Sur (last significant Sur ruler), was defeated at the Second Battle of Panipat (1556), which restored Mughal power.

Correct Answer: B. Delhi (NCT)

Haryana completely surrounds the National Capital Territory of Delhi on three sides (north, west, and south), with Uttar Pradesh bordering Delhi on the east. This geographic relationship makes Haryana a crucial state in the Delhi National Capital Region (NCR). Several Haryana districts like Gurugram, Faridabad, Sonipat, and Jhajjar are part of the NCR.

Correct Answer: B. Mamluk (Slave) dynasty

The Mamluk (Slave) dynasty, founded by Qutb ud-Din Aibak in 1206, was the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate and preceded the Khilji dynasty. The Mamluk dynasty lasted until 1290 when Jalal ud-Din Firuz Khilji founded the Khilji dynasty. The Delhi Sultanate eventually ended with Babur's victory at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526.

Correct Answer: B. Le Corbusier

Chandigarh was primarily designed by the Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier. The city was planned as a modernist urban center after Partition, as the former capital Lahore went to Pakistan. Chandigarh is known for its grid-based layout, public spaces, and iconic buildings like the Capitol Complex, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Correct Answer: C. Chagatai Turkic

Babur wrote his memoir 'Baburnama' (also known as 'Tuzuk-i-Baburi') in Chagatai Turkic, his mother tongue. It is one of the earliest and most important autobiographical works in Islamic literature. The Baburnama provides detailed accounts of Babur's campaigns, including the First Battle of Panipat (1526).

Correct Answer: B. Kurukshetra district

Kurukshetra is both a city and district in Haryana. The Kurukshetra district was carved out from Karnal district in 1973 to give separate administrative identity to this religiously and historically significant region. The district headquarters is Kurukshetra city (also called Thanesar).