Buddhism & Jainism — Set 4
Indian History · बौद्ध और जैन धर्म · Questions 31–40 of 90
What is the collective name for the three jewels of Jainism?
Correct Answer: A. Triratna
The three jewels of Jainism are known as Triratna. They are Right Faith (Samyak Darshana), Right Knowledge (Samyak Jnana), and Right Conduct (Samyak Charitra). These three paths together lead to liberation (Moksha).
The Vikramshila University, a center of Vajrayana Buddhism, was founded by which King?
Correct Answer: B. Dharmapala
Vikramshila University was founded by the Pala King Dharmapala. It was established in the late 8th or early 9th century in Bihar. It became a major center for Tantric Buddhism (Vajrayana).
Which Jataka tale depicts the story of the Buddha giving away his eyes?
Correct Answer: C. Sibi Jataka
The Sibi Jataka tells the story of King Sibi (a previous incarnation of Buddha) who gave his eyes to a blind Brahmin. It illustrates the perfection of giving (Dana). The stories of the Jatakas are carved on the railings of Stupas like Bharhut.
The Jains believe that the universe is eternal and uncreated, maintained by universal laws. This contradicts which concept?
Correct Answer: C. Creator God
Jainism does not believe in a Creator God who created the universe. They believe the universe has always existed and changes according to its own cosmic laws. They accept the existence of 'gods' but place them lower than the Tirthankaras.
Which ancient Indian city is sacred to both Buddhists and Jains?
Correct Answer: A. Kaushambi
Kaushambi is a significant city for both Buddhists and Jains. Buddha visited Kaushambi multiple times to preach. It is also the birthplace of the 6th Jain Tirthankara, Padmaprabha.
Who is considered the primary compiler of the Sutta Pitaka?
Correct Answer: B. Ananda
Ananda, the Buddha's cousin and personal attendant, recited the Sutta Pitaka. This happened at the First Buddhist Council. His excellent memory allowed him to recall the Buddha's discourses accurately.
The term 'Basadi' refers to what in the context of Jainism?
Correct Answer: B. A Jain shrine or temple
'Basadi' is a term used primarily in South India to refer to a Jain shrine or temple. It is derived from the Sanskrit word 'Vasati'. These structures often include housing for Jain monks.
What was the childhood name of Gautama Buddha?
Correct Answer: B. Siddhartha
Gautama Buddha's childhood name was Siddhartha. It means 'he who has achieved his goal'. He belonged to the Shakya clan of Kapilavastu.
Which among the following is NOT one of the 'Three Jewels' (Triratna) of Buddhism?
Correct Answer: A. Ahimsa
Ahimsa (Non-violence) is a core virtue but not one of the 'Three Jewels'. The Three Jewels are Buddha (the teacher), Dhamma (the teaching), and Sangha (the community). Taking refuge in these three is the primary initiation into Buddhism.
The 'Santhara' or 'Sallekhana' ritual is associated with which community?
Correct Answer: B. Jains
The correct answer is 'Jains'. Santhara or Sallekhana is a Jain religious vow. It involves voluntarily fasting to death by gradually reducing food and liquid intake. It is undertaken for spiritual purification near the end of life.