Non-Cooperation & Civil Disobedience — Set 1

Correct Answer: C. 1920

Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920. It was a response to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of April 1919 and the repressive Rowlatt Act. This was India's first large-scale mass civil disobedience movement against British rule.

Correct Answer: C. 1919

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar. General Dyer ordered troops to fire on a peaceful gathering, killing hundreds of unarmed civilians. The brutality of this event deeply angered Gandhi and the Indian public, pushing Gandhi toward mass civil disobedience.

Correct Answer: B. Khilafat Movement

The Khilafat Movement was allied with the Non-Cooperation Movement to forge Hindu-Muslim unity. It was led by the Ali brothers — Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali — who protested the dismemberment of the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I. Gandhi saw this alliance as an opportunity to build a broad anti-British coalition.

Correct Answer: B. Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali

Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, popularly known as the Ali brothers, led the Khilafat Movement. They allied with Gandhi to combine Hindu and Muslim grievances into a unified front against British rule. Their partnership with Gandhi during the Non-Cooperation Movement represented a high point of Hindu-Muslim political unity.

Correct Answer: C. Burning of police stations

Burning of police stations was not part of Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement program; it was the act of violence at Chauri Chaura that caused Gandhi to suspend the movement. The program included boycott of foreign cloth, government schools, courts, and councils, as well as surrender of titles and honours. Gandhi insisted on strictly nonviolent methods throughout.

Correct Answer: B. February 4, 1922

The Chauri Chaura incident occurred on February 4, 1922, in Gorakhpur district, United Provinces. An angry mob set fire to a police station, killing 22 policemen. This act of violence led Gandhi to abruptly call off the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Correct Answer: C. 22

22 policemen were killed when a mob set fire to the Chauri Chaura police station on February 4, 1922. The mob had been provoked by police firing on protestors during the Non-Cooperation Movement. Gandhi was so disturbed by this violence that he suspended the movement, a decision that was controversial among many Congress leaders.

Correct Answer: B. Chauri Chaura violence

Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement following the Chauri Chaura incident on February 4, 1922. He believed that the movement had become violent and therefore had to be suspended. Gandhi's decision was deeply controversial — many leaders like Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das felt the movement was at its peak and should continue.

Correct Answer: C. Foreign cloth, schools, courts and councils

The Non-Cooperation Movement called for boycott of foreign cloth, government schools, courts, and legislative councils. Indians were asked to withdraw cooperation from all British-run institutions. This comprehensive boycott strategy was designed to make British administration unworkable.

Correct Answer: B. Mass civil disobedience

The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22) was the first large-scale mass civil disobedience movement in Indian history. It mobilised millions of Indians across different regions and communities against British rule. Its significance lies in transforming the independence struggle from an elite movement into a truly mass movement.