Partition of Bengal & Swadeshi — Set 13

Correct Answer: B. His novels portrayed the social reality of Bengal including the nationalist awakening

Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's novels portrayed the social reality of Bengal including the nationalist awakening during and after the Swadeshi period. His works depicted the aspirations and struggles of ordinary Bengalis. Characters in his novels often embodied nationalist sentiments. His writing helped create a broader cultural context for the independence movement.

Correct Answer: B. The concept of developing inner strength and self-reliance for national liberation

'Atmasakti' (self-power) was the concept developed by nationalists like Aurobindo Ghosh and Rabindranath Tagore during the Swadeshi period. It referred to developing India's inner strength, self-confidence and self-reliance as the foundation for national liberation. The concept encompassed economic self-sufficiency through Swadeshi, cultural self-expression and spiritual strength. It was a positive vision that went beyond mere protest.

Correct Answer: B. Establishing Indian industries, schools and institutions as alternatives to British-controlled ones

The 'constructive program' of the Swadeshi movement involved establishing Indian industries, schools, colleges and institutions as alternatives to British-controlled ones. This positive side of the movement aimed to build Indian self-sufficiency alongside the boycott of British goods. Bengal National College, National Council of Education and new Indian industries were part of this constructive program. Gandhi later developed a similar constructive program as part of his broader campaign.

Correct Answer: B. The Partition of Bengal 1905

The Partition of Bengal on October 16, 1905 immediately preceded and triggered the Swadeshi movement. The partition divided Bengal on religious lines creating a Muslim-majority eastern province and Hindu-majority western province. Nationalists saw this as a deliberate divide and rule policy. The mass outrage against the partition launched the Swadeshi movement which became the first major mass nationalist agitation in India.

Correct Answer: B. Surendranath Banerjee's 'A Nation in Making'

Surendranath Banerjee's autobiography 'A Nation in Making' gives an important first-hand account of the Swadeshi movement. Banerjee was one of the main leaders of the anti-partition movement and his memoir provides valuable insight into the period. The book covers his political career from the founding of the Indian National Association to the independence movement. It is an important primary source for understanding the Swadeshi era.

Correct Answer: B. The movement spread to Bihar and Orissa inspiring nationalist activities

The Swadeshi movement spread to Bihar and Orissa inspiring nationalist activities in these regions. The movement's message of boycott and Swadeshi resonated beyond Bengal. Nationalist leaders traveled to Bihar and Orissa spreading the movement's ideas. The Swadeshi era thus helped develop nationalist consciousness in regions that had been less politically active.

Correct Answer: B. It was suppressed but similar publications continued

The Yugantar newspaper was suppressed after the Alipore Bomb Case but similar revolutionary publications continued the tradition. The revolutionary press was a persistent feature of Bengal nationalism despite British suppression. Other journals and newspapers continued to spread revolutionary ideas. The British found it impossible to completely suppress nationalist publications.

Correct Answer: D. Both B and C

Both 'Vande Mataram' (from Bankim's 1882 novel but popularized during Swadeshi) and 'Amar Sonar Bangla' (composed 1905 by Tagore) are associated with the Swadeshi era. 'Vande Mataram' became India's national song. 'Amar Sonar Bangla' became Bangladesh's national anthem. Tagore's 'Jana Gana Mana' was composed in 1911 and became India's national anthem.

Correct Answer: A. A. Growth of indigenous textile mills

The correct answer is A. Growth of indigenous textile mills. The Swadeshi Movement led to the establishment and growth of Indian-owned textile mills, reducing dependence on British imports and boosting indigenous manufacturing. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.

Correct Answer: A. A. Growth of indigenous textile mills

The correct answer is A. Growth of indigenous textile mills. The Swadeshi Movement led to the establishment and growth of Indian-owned textile mills, reducing dependence on British imports and boosting indigenous manufacturing. This topic is frequently tested in competitive examinations such as RRB NTPC, SSC, and UPSC.