Partition of Bengal & Swadeshi — Set 8

Correct Answer: D. Both A and B

Both Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker designed the major buildings of New Delhi after it became the capital. Lutyens designed the Viceroy's House (now Rashtrapati Bhavan) while Baker designed the Secretariat buildings. Together they created New Delhi's grand imperial architecture. There was also a famous dispute between the two architects over the gradient of Raisina Hill.

Correct Answer: C. 1930

The Chittagong Armoury Raid was carried out on April 18, 1930 by Surya Sen's Indian Republican Army. The raid was planned to capture arms from the British armoury. After the initial raid the revolutionaries held Chittagong for several days before being defeated. The raid became one of the most celebrated events of the revolutionary nationalist movement.

Correct Answer: B. Barindra Kumar Ghosh

Barindra Kumar Ghosh, the younger brother of Aurobindo Ghosh, was the key founder of the Jugantar (Yugantar) revolutionary organization. He also published the revolutionary newspaper 'Yugantar'. The organization was involved in the Alipore Bomb Case. Barindra was transported for life to the Andaman Islands after the trial.

Correct Answer: B. Midnapore

Khudiram Bose was born in 1889 in Midnapore district of Bengal. He was exposed to revolutionary ideas at a young age. He became involved with the Anushilan Samiti in his teens. He was hanged at Muzaffarpur on August 11, 1908, becoming one of the youngest martyrs of the Indian freedom struggle.

Correct Answer: B. He spread Swadeshi ideas to Maharashtra and other parts

Bal Gangadhar Tilak spread Swadeshi ideas to Maharashtra and other parts of India. Through his newspapers Kesari and Mahratta he promoted the boycott of British goods. He organized Ganpati festivals to bring people together and discuss Swadeshi. His contribution helped extend the Swadeshi movement beyond Bengal to other parts of India.

Correct Answer: B. Aurobindo Ghosh

The concept of passive resistance in the Swadeshi movement was mainly developed by Aurobindo Ghosh. He argued that Indians should refuse to cooperate with British rule through non-violent means. His concept differed from moderate petitioning and from armed revolution. The idea of passive resistance influenced Gandhi's later concept of Satyagraha.

Correct Answer: B. J.C. Bose

Jagadish Chandra Bose was the prominent Indian scientist who conducted path-breaking research during the Swadeshi era. He studied plant physiology and showed that plants respond to stimuli. He also made important contributions to physics and radio wave research. His work demonstrated that Indians could make world-class scientific contributions.

Correct Answer: B. Converted the educated elite movement into a mass movement

The Partition of Bengal fundamentally changed Indian nationalism by converting the movement from an educated elite activity into a mass movement. The anti-partition agitation brought merchants, students, women and common people into nationalist politics. It introduced the economic weapon of boycott as a form of mass protest. The Swadeshi movement transformed Indian nationalism into a broad-based popular movement.

Correct Answer: B. Women participated actively in picketing foreign goods shops

The Swadeshi movement saw significant participation of women in the freedom movement. Women actively participated in picketing shops that sold British goods. They organized meetings, took oaths of Swadeshi and participated in public demonstrations. The movement marked the beginning of women's active involvement in organized mass politics in India.

Correct Answer: B. Swadeshi Movement

The Swadeshi Movement of 1905 laid the foundation for boycott as a political tool in India. The organized boycott of British goods was used for the first time on a large scale during this movement. The tactic proved effective and was used again in the Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements. Gandhi's campaigns built on the boycott tradition pioneered by the Swadeshi movement.