Partition of Bengal & Swadeshi — Set 5

Correct Answer: B. Swami Vivekananda

The Anushilan Samiti was influenced by the teachings of Swami Vivekananda on physical strength, fearlessness and service to the nation. Vivekananda's emphasis on physical culture and masculinity inspired young Bengalis. The organization combined physical training with revolutionary ideology. It became one of the main revolutionary organizations during the Swadeshi period.

Correct Answer: A. Surendranath Banerjee

Surendranath Banerjee organized and presided over the massive anti-partition rally on October 16, 1905 in Calcutta. The rally brought together thousands of people to protest the partition. It was one of the largest political demonstrations seen in India at that time. The event marked the beginning of organized mass politics in India.

Correct Answer: B. The Swadeshi and Boycott movement inspired by Bankim's 'Vande Mataram'

The 'Bandemataram' movement referred to the Swadeshi and Boycott movement that was inspired by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's song 'Vande Mataram'. The song became the anthem of the anti-partition movement. The movement demanded boycott of British goods and promotion of Indian products. 'Vande Mataram' means 'I bow to thee, Mother' referring to the Motherland.

Correct Answer: B. Anandamath

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay wrote 'Vande Mataram' in his novel 'Anandamath' published in 1882. The novel is set during the Sanyasi rebellion against British rule. The song became one of the most powerful symbols of Indian nationalism. During the Swadeshi movement it was sung at rallies and protests against British rule.

Correct Answer: C. 1905

The Swadeshi movement formally began in 1905 as a response to the Partition of Bengal. The movement started on August 7, 1905 when the Calcutta Town Hall meeting was held. It gained full force on October 16, 1905 when the partition came into effect. The movement marked a new phase of Indian nationalism with mass participation.

Correct Answer: C. Andrew Fraser

Andrew Fraser was the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal who was responsible for implementing the partition order at the provincial level. The decision was made by Viceroy Curzon at the central level. Fraser's name became associated with British repression of the anti-partition movement. The position of Lieutenant Governor was the senior provincial administrative post.

Correct Answer: B. Surya Sen

Surya Sen, known as 'Masterda', was a revolutionary leader in Chittagong who led the Chittagong Armoury Raid in 1930. He was called 'Netaji' by his followers. He organized the Indian Republican Army and planned the raid to capture arms. He was captured and executed in 1934 for his revolutionary activities.

Correct Answer: B. System of education independent of British control

The National Education movement demanded a system of education independent of British control and inspections. It was one of the four pillars of the Swadeshi agitation alongside Swaraj, Swadeshi and Boycott. National schools and colleges were established to provide alternative education. The Bengal National College and the National Council of Education were part of this movement.

Correct Answer: D. A group of nationalist leaders

The National Council of Education in Bengal was established in 1906 by a group of nationalist leaders including Rabindranath Tagore, Raja Subodh Chandra Mullick and others. It aimed to provide national education free from British control. The Council established Bengal National College with Aurobindo Ghosh as principal. It was part of the broader National Education movement during the Swadeshi period.

Correct Answer: B. Eastern Bengal and Assam

The province created from eastern Bengal was named 'Eastern Bengal and Assam'. It had its capital at Dhaka. The province had a Muslim majority which the British hoped would be loyal to them. The creation of this separate province was seen by nationalists as a deliberate divide and rule policy to weaken Bengal's nationalist movement.