Partition of Bengal & Swadeshi — Set 3

Correct Answer: A. Two

The Partition of Bengal divided the province into two parts. The western part was called 'Bengal' comprising West Bengal, Bihar, Orissa with Hindu majority. The eastern part was called 'Eastern Bengal and Assam' with Muslim majority. The division along religious lines was seen as a deliberate attempt to weaken nationalist unity.

Correct Answer: A. Dhaka

Dhaka was made the capital of the newly created province of Eastern Bengal and Assam after the 1905 partition. The British nawabs and Muslim leaders initially welcomed the partition as it created a Muslim-majority province. However Bengali Hindus and many nationalist Muslims opposed the partition strongly. Dhaka became the center of the anti-partition agitation in eastern Bengal.

Correct Answer: A. Khudiram Bose

Khudiram Bose threw a bomb at a carriage in Muzaffarpur in 1908 intending to kill the unpopular British Magistrate Kingsford. However the bomb mistakenly killed two British women. Khudiram Bose was only 18 years old at the time and was subsequently hanged. He became one of the youngest martyrs of the Indian freedom struggle.

Correct Answer: A. Prafulla Chaki

Prafulla Chaki was associated with Khudiram Bose in the Muzaffarpur bomb case of 1908. Both were members of a revolutionary organization inspired by Aurobindo Ghosh's political ideas. When the police closed in on him, Prafulla Chaki shot himself to avoid arrest. His sacrifice along with Khudiram's hanging inspired the revolutionary nationalist movement.

Correct Answer: B. Kesari

Tilak's articles in 'Kesari' newspaper led to his sedition conviction in 1908. The articles were written after the Muzaffarpur bombing and were seen as inciting violence against British officials. Tilak was sentenced to six years transportation to Mandalay. The trial and conviction of Tilak caused widespread protests throughout India.

Correct Answer: A. Anushilan Samiti

The Anushilan Samiti was the revolutionary organization associated with the Alipore Bomb Case. It was founded in Calcutta in 1902 and was inspired by Aurobindo Ghosh's ideas. The organization trained young men in physical fitness and revolutionary activities. Barindra Kumar Ghosh, Aurobindo's brother, was the key organizer of the Alipore conspiracy.

Correct Answer: B. 1902

The Anushilan Samiti was founded in Calcutta in 1902. It was inspired by Swami Vivekananda's teachings on physical and moral strength. Initially it was a gymnasium but it became a revolutionary organization. It played an important role in organizing revolutionary activities during the Swadeshi period.

Correct Answer: B. Andrew Fraser

Andrew Fraser was the Governor of Bengal at the time of the 1905 partition. Lord Curzon was the Viceroy who ordered the partition at the central level. Fraser was responsible for implementing the partition in Bengal. Both became targets of nationalist resentment and revolutionary activities during this period.

Correct Answer: C. It was the day partition came into effect - observed as day of mourning

October 16, 1905 was the day the Partition of Bengal came into effect and was observed as a day of mourning. People tied Rakhi (thread) to each other as a symbol of Hindu-Muslim unity. Shops remained closed and people marched in procession to the Ganges. Rabindranath Tagore suggested tying Rakhi as a symbol of unity between Hindus and Muslims.

Correct Answer: A. Drain Theory

The Drain Theory formulated by Dadabhai Naoroji formed the ideological basis of the Swadeshi movement. Naoroji argued that British rule was draining India's wealth through various mechanisms. His book 'Poverty and Un-British Rule in India' documented this economic exploitation. The Swadeshi movement's call to boycott British goods was directly linked to countering this economic drain.