Social Reforms — Set 10

Correct Answer: D. Lala Lajpat Rai

• **Lala Lajpat Rai** founded the Servants of the People Society in **1921 **in Lahore. • It was modeled after Gokhale's Servants of India Society. • The organization enlisted volunteers to work for the welfare of the country. • 💡 **Tilak** = nationalist extremist, Home Rule League; **Gokhale** = Servants of India Society (1905); **Bipin Chandra Pal** = Swadeshi Movement extremist — **Lala Lajpat Rai** founded Servants of the People Society 1921.

Correct Answer: D. Radhakanta Deb

• **Radhakanta Deb** founded the Dharma Sabha in **1830**. • It was an orthodox organization formed specifically to counter the Brahmo Samaj and oppose the abolition of Sati. • Despite being conservative socially, it promoted Western education. • 💡 **Ram Mohan Roy** = Brahmo Samaj reformer, not orthodox opponent; **Debendranath Tagore** = Adi Brahmo Samaj; **Ishwar Chandra Gupta** = conservative Bengali poet — **Radhakanta Deb** founded Dharma Sabha 1830 to oppose reforms.

Correct Answer: D. R.G. Bhandarkar

• **R.G. Bhandarkar** was the **first Chancellor** of SNDT Women's University. • Prominent **Sanskrit scholar** and Indologist; Prarthana Samaj co-founder with M.G. Ranade. • SNDT Women's University was established in 1916 by D.K. Karve — first women's university in India. • 💡 Vithaldas Thackersey = donor after whom it is named (SNDT = Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey); Gokhale = Servants of India; Maharshi Karve = founder — first Chancellor = R.G. Bhandarkar.

Correct Answer: C. Hriday Nath Kunzru

• **Hriday Nath Kunzru** founded the Seva Samiti in Allahabad in **1914**. • The organization focused on organizing social service during fairs, famines, and floods. • It also promoted physical culture and education. • 💡 **Malaviya** = BHU founder; **Lala Lajpat Rai** = Servants of the People Society; **Gokhale** = Servants of India Society — **Hriday Nath Kunzru** founded Seva Samiti, Allahabad 1914.

Correct Answer: A. Krishna Kumar Mitra

• **Krishna Kumar Mitra** started the Bengali journal 'Sanjibani'. • It famously exposed the oppressive conditions of tea garden workers in Assam. • Mitra was a dedicated Brahmo Samajist and nationalist leader. • 💡 **Sisir Kumar Ghosh** = Amrita Bazar Patrika founder; **Surendranath Banerjee** = Bengalee newspaper; **Motilal Ghosh** = Amrita Bazar co-founder — **Krishna Kumar Mitra** started Sanjibani journal.

Correct Answer: C. Henry Vivian Derozio

• **Henry Vivian Derozio** established the Academic Association in **1828**. • It was a debating club where young students discussed free will, philosophy, and social reform. • It was the intellectual hub of the Young Bengal Movement. • 💡 **David Hare** = founded Hindu College (1817); **Ram Mohan Roy** = Atmiya Sabha, Brahmo Samaj; **Rasikkrishna Mallick** = Derozian student follower — **Henry Vivian Derozio** established Academic Association 1828.

Correct Answer: C. Swami Vivekananda

• **Swami Vivekananda** founded the Vedanta Societies in America and Europe starting in **1894**. • These societies were established to spread the philosophy of Vedanta in the West. • They played a crucial role in introducing Indian spirituality to the world. • 💡 **Paramhansa Yogananda** = Self-Realization Fellowship in USA; **Sri Aurobindo** = Integral Yoga, Pondicherry Ashram; **J. Krishnamurti** = Theosophical Society background — **Vivekananda** founded Vedanta Societies from 1894.

Correct Answer: B. Keshab Chandra Sen

• **Keshab Chandra Sen** founded the Indian Reform Association in **1870**. • It focused on cheap literature, female improvement, education, and temperance. • It aimed to put the ideas of the Brahmo Samaj into social practice. • 💡 **M.G. Ranade** = Prarthana Samaj, Indian Social Conference; **Dadabhai Naoroji** = Drain Theory, Parsi reform; **Dayanand Saraswati** = Arya Samaj — **Keshab Chandra Sen** founded Indian Reform Association 1870.

Correct Answer: C. K. Kelappan

• **K. Kelappan**, called the '**Kerala Gandhi**', led the Guruvayur Satyagraha in **1931**. • Movement demanded entry of **untouchables** into Guruvayur Temple, Kerala. • Satyagraha suspended after Gandhi's intervention; temple opened by Temple Entry Proclamation 1936. • 💡 E.M.S. Namboodiripad = communist CM; P. Krishna Pillai = CPI founder; A.K. Gopalan = communist leader — Guruvayur Movement led by K. Kelappan.

Correct Answer: A. M.G. Ranade

• **G.K. Devadhar and Ramabai Ranade** founded the **Poona Seva Sadan (1909)**. • Aimed at **education and employment** opportunities for women, especially widows. • Devadhar was a Servants of India Society member; Ramabai Ranade was the widow of M.G. Ranade. • 💡 M.G. Ranade = Prarthana Samaj, not Seva Sadan; Dhondo Keshav Karve = SNDT Women's University; Pandita Ramabai = Sharada Sadan — Poona Seva Sadan (1909) = G.K. Devadhar and Ramabai Ranade.